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1 obsidio
obsĭdĭo, ōnis, f. [obsideo].I.Lit.A.In gen., a siege, investment, blockade of a place (class.): obsidionem potias dicendum esse, quam obsidium, adjuvat nos testimonio suo Ennius in Telamone, Paul. ex Fest. p. 198 Müll.; v. Müll. ad loc.; and cf.: cui tu obsidionem paras, Enn. ib. (Trag. v. 365 Vahl.); and:B.obsidionem obducere,
id. ib. (Trag. v. 11 ib.):partim vi, partim obsidione urbes capere,
Cic. Mur. 9, 20:aliquem in obsidione habere,
Caes. B. C. 3, 31:cum spes major Romanis in obsidione quam in oppugnatione esset,
Liv. 5, 2: obsidione eximere, to free or relcase from, id. 38, 15:obsidione cingere,
to besiege, blockade, Just. 22, 4, 1; Verg. A. 3, 52:obsidionem tolerare,
to stand, Tac. H. 1, 33:obsidionem exsequi,
to carry on, id. A. 15, 4:obsidionem omittere,
to raise, id. ib. 15, 5: obsidionem solvere, to put an end to a siege, by either surrender or relief:tolerando paucos dies totam soluturos obsidionem,
Liv. 26, 7, 8; cf. Amm. 20, 7, 3:solutā obsidione,
raised, Liv. 36, 31, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1:eam obsidionem sine certamine adveniens Cn. Scipio solvit,
Liv. 24, 41, 11; 25, 22, 15; 38, 5, 6; Just. 4, 4, 5; Tac. A. 4, 24; id. H. 4, 34: liberare obsidionem, to raise the siege:non ad Romam obsidendam, sed ad Capuae liberandam obsidionem Hannibalem ire,
Liv. 26, 8, 5; cf. obsidium fin.:longae dira obsidionis egestas,
Juv. 15, 96. —Transf., captivity (post-class.), Just. 2, 12, 6; 15, 1, 3; 39, 1, 1.—II.Trop., pressing, imminent danger:obsidione rem publicam liberare,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 29:feneratores ex obsidione eximere,
to free from the danger of losing their money, id. Fam. 5, 6, 3; Plin. Pan. 81, 2; cf. obsidium. -
2 obsidio [1]
1. obsidio, ōnis, f. (obsideo), das Besetzthalten, dah. I) eig.: die Einschließung, Blockade, obsidionum instrumenta, Belagerungsgeräte, Heges. 2, 15, 17: itinerum obsidiones, Augustin. c. Iulian. Pelag. 3, 1, § 5: obs. continua, Liv.: urbem obsidione claudere, Nep., cingere, Verg. u. Iustin., premere, Verg. u. Liv., in obsidione tenere, Nep.: alqm in obsidione habere, Caes.: urbi obsidionem inferre, Lic.: obsidionem ferre, pati, sustinere, tolerare, Liv.: esse in obsidione, Liv.: obsidionem trahere, Liv.: obsidione solvere od. eximere, Liv.: solvere obsidionem urbis, Liv.: obsidione liberare, entsetzen, Ubios, Caes., Cyzicum, patriam, Nep.: Capuae obsidionem liberare, K. entsetzen, Liv.: obsidionem relinquere, Caes.: ab obsidione recedere, Iustin.: partim vi, partim obsidione urbes capere, Cic.: obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis quam oppugnatio (Berennen) fuit, Liv. – II) übtr.: 1) die Bedrängnis, qui ex obsidione feneratores exemerit, Cic.: rem publicam liberare obsidione, Cic. – 2) die Gefangenschaft an einem Orte, Iustin. 2, 12, 6 u.a. – 3) die Geiselschaft, Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 3, 14. p. 118 u. 3, 15. p. 122, 9.
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3 obsidio
1. obsidio, ōnis, f. (obsideo), das Besetzthalten, dah. I) eig.: die Einschließung, Blockade, obsidionum instrumenta, Belagerungsgeräte, Heges. 2, 15, 17: itinerum obsidiones, Augustin. c. Iulian. Pelag. 3, 1, § 5: obs. continua, Liv.: urbem obsidione claudere, Nep., cingere, Verg. u. Iustin., premere, Verg. u. Liv., in obsidione tenere, Nep.: alqm in obsidione habere, Caes.: urbi obsidionem inferre, Lic.: obsidionem ferre, pati, sustinere, tolerare, Liv.: esse in obsidione, Liv.: obsidionem trahere, Liv.: obsidione solvere od. eximere, Liv.: solvere obsidionem urbis, Liv.: obsidione liberare, entsetzen, Ubios, Caes., Cyzicum, patriam, Nep.: Capuae obsidionem liberare, K. entsetzen, Liv.: obsidionem relinquere, Caes.: ab obsidione recedere, Iustin.: partim vi, partim obsidione urbes capere, Cic.: obsidio deinde per paucos dies magis quam oppugnatio (Berennen) fuit, Liv. – II) übtr.: 1) die Bedrängnis, qui ex obsidione feneratores exemerit, Cic.: rem publicam liberare obsidione, Cic. – 2) die Gefangenschaft an einem Orte, Iustin. 2, 12, 6 u.a. – 3) die Geiselschaft, Greg. Tur. hist. Franc. 3, 14. p. 118 u. 3, 15. p. 122, 9.————————2. obsidio, āre, s. obsidior. -
4 belagern
belagern, obsidēre (im allg., besetzen, auch von Neugierigen, z. B. arcem [um sich nach dem Befinden [400] des Fürsten zu erkundigen]). – obsidionem (urbi) inferre. in obsidione habere od. tenere. obsidione claudere, premere (alle diese = einschließen, blockieren). – oppugnare. oppugnatione premere (berennen, bestürmen). – circumsistere (uneig., jmd. bedrängen). – Belagerung, obsessio. obsidio. obsidium. circumsessio. conclusio (Einschließung, Blockade). – oppugnatio (Berennung, Bestürmung). – die B. aufgeben, aufheben, obsidionem (oppugnationem) omittere oder relinquere; obsidione (oppugnatione) desistere; ab oppugnatione discedere; ab obsidione recedere: die B. zur See aufgeben, aufheben, de maritimis custodiis remittere: von der B. befreien, obsidione liberare oder solvere; ex obsidione eximere: eine B. aushalten, obsidionem tolerare, ferre, pati: die Stadt wurde nach einer siebenmonatlichen B. eingenommen, urbs septimo mense, quam oppugnari coepta est, capta est: die B. in eine Blockade verwandeln. consilia ab oppugnanda urbe in obsidendam vertere. – Belagerungsarbeiten, opera, um, n. – Belagerungsart, oppugnatio. – Belagerungskranz, bei den Römern, corona obsidionalis. – Belagerungskunst, oppugnandarum urbium artes (die Kunstgriffe bei Belagerungen, die praktische B.). – artificium quoddam et scientia oppugnationis (Kunsterfahrenheit und Kenntnis der Belagerung, praktische u. theoretische B.). – Belagerungslinie; z. B. in die B. mit aufnehmen, opere circumplecti (z. B. collem). – Belagerungsmaschine, machĭna; machinamentum. – die Belagerungsmaschinen. opera; obsidionis instrumenta; als Erfindung, machinae ad capienda oppida repertae. – Belagerungspark, urbium oppugnandarum apparatus – Belagerungsstand, s. Belagerungszustand. – Belagerungstruppen, *copiae urbem obsidentes – Belagerungswerke, opera, um,n. – Belagerungszustand, obsidio. – in B. setzen, obsidĕre; circumsidĕre: sie erklären die Stadt in den B., veluti bellum habeant, sie urbem pacis temporibus custodiunt.
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5 libero
lībĕro, āre, āvi, ātum [lībĕr] - tr. - - arch. fut. ant. liberasso, Plaut. Most. 223. [st1]1 [-] rendre libre, mettre en liberté, délivrer, affranchir. - Plaut. Men. 1024, etc. ; Caes. BC. 3, 9, 3; Cic. de Or. 1, 182. - patriam liberare, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: donner la liberté à la patrie (délivrer de la royauté). [st1]2 [-] délivrer, dégager. - liberare aliquem aliqua re: délivrer qqn de qqch. --- Cic. Rep. 1, 25 ; Nat. 1, 13 ; Att. 6, 2, 4 ; Cet. 3, 15, etc. - a Venere se liberare, Cic. Caecil. 55: s'affranchir de Vénus. - a quartana liberatus, Cic. Att. 10, 15, 4: délivré de la fièvre quarte. --- cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 57; Tim. 19. - ex incommodis pecunia se liberare, Cic. Verr. 5, 23: se tirer des embarras avec de l'argent. [st1]3 [-] exempter d'impôts. - Cic. Prov. 10 ; Phil. 5, 12 ; Agr. 1, 10. [st1]4 [-] libérer. - Volusii liberandi meum fuit consilium, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: j'ai pris la décision de libérer Volusius de sa dette. - liberare fidem, Cic. Flac. 47: dégager sa foi, remplir ses engagements. - omnes liberati decesserant, Cic. Verr. 4, 140: tous avaient quitté leurs fonctions absolument déchargés (dégagés de toute responsabilité). [st1]5 [-] délier. - promissa liberare, Cic. Off. 1, 32: délier d'une promesse, relever d'une promesse. - liberare obsidionem, Liv. 26, 8, 5: lever un siège. [st1]6 [-] dégager, absoudre. - liberare aliquem culpa, Liv. 41, 19, 6: absoudre qqn d'une faute. - voti liberari, Liv. 5, 28, 1: se dégager, s'acquitter d'un voeu. - liberatur Milo... profectus esse, Cic. Mil. 47, Milon est dégagé de l'accusation d'être parti... [st1]7 [-] [décad.] traverser (passer) librement. - liberare flumen, Front. Str. I, 5, 3 ; Hyg. Fab. 257, traverser un fleuve. --- cf. Petr. 136.* * *lībĕro, āre, āvi, ātum [lībĕr] - tr. - - arch. fut. ant. liberasso, Plaut. Most. 223. [st1]1 [-] rendre libre, mettre en liberté, délivrer, affranchir. - Plaut. Men. 1024, etc. ; Caes. BC. 3, 9, 3; Cic. de Or. 1, 182. - patriam liberare, Cic. Tusc. 4, 2: donner la liberté à la patrie (délivrer de la royauté). [st1]2 [-] délivrer, dégager. - liberare aliquem aliqua re: délivrer qqn de qqch. --- Cic. Rep. 1, 25 ; Nat. 1, 13 ; Att. 6, 2, 4 ; Cet. 3, 15, etc. - a Venere se liberare, Cic. Caecil. 55: s'affranchir de Vénus. - a quartana liberatus, Cic. Att. 10, 15, 4: délivré de la fièvre quarte. --- cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 57; Tim. 19. - ex incommodis pecunia se liberare, Cic. Verr. 5, 23: se tirer des embarras avec de l'argent. [st1]3 [-] exempter d'impôts. - Cic. Prov. 10 ; Phil. 5, 12 ; Agr. 1, 10. [st1]4 [-] libérer. - Volusii liberandi meum fuit consilium, Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 4: j'ai pris la décision de libérer Volusius de sa dette. - liberare fidem, Cic. Flac. 47: dégager sa foi, remplir ses engagements. - omnes liberati decesserant, Cic. Verr. 4, 140: tous avaient quitté leurs fonctions absolument déchargés (dégagés de toute responsabilité). [st1]5 [-] délier. - promissa liberare, Cic. Off. 1, 32: délier d'une promesse, relever d'une promesse. - liberare obsidionem, Liv. 26, 8, 5: lever un siège. [st1]6 [-] dégager, absoudre. - liberare aliquem culpa, Liv. 41, 19, 6: absoudre qqn d'une faute. - voti liberari, Liv. 5, 28, 1: se dégager, s'acquitter d'un voeu. - liberatur Milo... profectus esse, Cic. Mil. 47, Milon est dégagé de l'accusation d'être parti... [st1]7 [-] [décad.] traverser (passer) librement. - liberare flumen, Front. Str. I, 5, 3 ; Hyg. Fab. 257, traverser un fleuve. --- cf. Petr. 136.* * *Libero, liberas, pen. corr. liberare. Delivrer, Affranchir, Mettre en liberté.\Liberatus sum Daue hodie tua opera. Terent. Je suis eschappé, Je suis delivré de danger.\Liberare se aere alieno. Cic. Payer ses debtes, S'acquicter.\Liberare cura. Cic. Delivrer de soulci.\Liberare aliquem metu. Terent. Mettre hors de crainte.\Ensem liberat vagina. Ouid. Il desgaine, Il tire hors du fourreau.\Culpae aliquem liberare. Liuius. Le descoulper, L'absouldre de, etc.\Liberare fidem suam. Cic. Tenir et accomplir sa promesse. -
6 solutum
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
7 solvo
solvo, solvi, solutum, 3, v. a. ( perf. soluit, trisyll., Cat. 2, 13:I. A.soluisse,
Tib. 4, 5, 16) [for se-luo; cf. socors for se-cords], to loosen an object from any thing, to release or to loose, remove any thing which binds or restrains another.In a corporeal sense.1.Outwardly, to release.a.From fetters or custody, to free, set free, release; absol.:b.solvite istas,
i. e. from fetters, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 64:solvite istum,
id. Mil. 5, 32:numquam, nisi me orassis, solves,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 62:jube solvi (eum),
Ter. And. 5, 4, 52:ad palum adligati repente soluti sunt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:ut vincti solvantur,
id. ib. 2, 5, 6, §12: qui in compedibus corporis semper fuerunt, etiam cum soluti sunt, tardius ingrediuntur,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 75:ita nexi soluti (sunt),
Liv. 8, 28, 9:solvite me, pueri,
Verg. E. 6, 24:fore ut brevi solveretur,
Suet. Vesp. 5; id. Tib. 65; id. Vit. 12.—With abl.:canis solutus catena,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 20. — Transf., from the fetter of frost:solutis amnibus (i. e. frigoris vinculo),
Stat. Th. 5, 15:terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 10.—From reins, ties, bands, etc.: solve senescentem equum, from the rein, i. e. dismiss him from service, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 8:c.solverat sol equos,
unhitched, Stat. Th. 3, 407: currum solvere (i. e. ab equis, poet. for equos a curru), Sen. Thyest. 794: solvere epistulam, i. e. from the string by which it was tied (= to open), Nep. Hann. 11, 3:et tibi sollicita solvitur illa (epistula) manu,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 2:et jacet in gremio charta soluta meo,
id. H. 11, 4:praecepit suis ne sarcinas solverent, aut onera deponerent,
Front. Strat. 1, 5, 3.—So of garments and sails, to unfurl, unfold: cum tunica soluta inambularet, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Front. Strat. 4, 1, 26:soluta toga,
Quint. 11, 3, 147:vela solvere,
Verg. A. 4, 574.—From any fastening (mostly poet. and post-Aug. prose), to detach from; constr. absol., or with ab or de, and abl.:d.Caucasia solvet de rupe Promethei bracchia,
Prop. 2, 1, 69:fraxinus solvitur,
from the ground, Stat. Th. 9, 498:ceciditque soluta pinus,
id. ib. 9, 409; cf.:pinus radice soluta, deficit,
id. S. 5, 1, 152:solutis radicibus arbusta procumbunt,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 5:accepi epistulam quam, ut scribis, ancora soluta de phaselo dedisti, i. e. a litore,
detached, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1 B. and K. (al. sublata;but soluta is perh. an error of Cic. in the use of a technical term, v Orell. ad loc.).—In the same sense: solvere retinacula classis,
Ov. M. 15, 696; 8, 102:querno solvunt de stipite funem,
id. F. 4, 333:fune soluto Currit in immensum carina,
id. Am. 2, 11, 23:curvo solves viscera cultro (i. e. de corpore ferarum),
Sen. Hippol. 53.—Of rain disengaged from the clouds:imber caelesti nube solutus,
Ov. A. A. 2, 237: (Lunam) imperfecta vi solvere tantum umorem, disengage only the moisture, i. e. from the earth:cum solis radii absumant,
Plin. 2, 9, 6, § 45:solutum a latere pugionem,
detached from his side, Suet. Vit. 15.—Esp., of ships: navem solvere, to free a ship from the land, i. e. to set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart.(α).With acc. alone:(β).eisce confectis navem solvimus,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 91:navim cupimus solvere,
id. Mil. 4, 7, 17:naves solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 36; 5, 8; id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 14; 3, 26;3, 102: primis tenebris solvit navem,
Liv. 45, 6:postero die solvere naves (jussi),
id. 29, 25 fin.; Nep. Hann. 8, 2:classem solvere,
Liv. 45, 41; Prop. 3, 7 (4, 6), 23.—With ab and abl.:(γ).navis a terra solverunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 101:quinto inde die quam ab Corintho solverit naves,
Liv. 31, 7 med.:solvunt a litore puppes,
Luc. 2, 649.—With ex and abl.:(δ).nam noctu hac soluta est navis nostra e portu Persico,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 259:interea e portu nostra navis solvitur,
id. Bacch. 2, 3, 54.—With abl.:(ε).complures mercatores Alexandria solvisse,
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50:portu solventibus,
id. Mur. 2, 4.—Absol. (sc. navem or naves):(ζ).tertia fere vigilia solvit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23:nos eo die cenati solvimus,
Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:altero die quam a Brundusio solvit,
Liv. 31, 14 init.:qui inde solverant,
Val. Max. 1, 7, 3:solvi mare languido,
Sen. Ep. 53, 1:fortasse etiam ventis minantibus solves,
id. Ben. 2, 35, 5:non eadem est his et illis causa solvendi,
making sea-voyages, id. Q. N. 5, 18, 16.—With navis, etc., as subj., to leave the land (sc. se a litore):(η).naves XVIII. ex superiore portu solverunt,
Caes. B. G. 4, 28; and by another change of construction: solvimus oram, we freed the shore, i.e. from the ship, Quint. 4, 2, 41; id. Ep. ad Tryph. 3.—Poet. usages:e.de litore puppis solvit iter,
clears the voyage, Stat. S. 5, 1, 243:nec tibi Tyrrhena solvatur funis harena,
Prop. 1, 8, 11 (cf.: retinacula solvere, c. supra).—Of secretions from the body ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.tempore eo quo menstrua solvit,
Lucr. 6, 706:cruor solvitur,
Stat. Th. 9, 530:lacrimas solvere,
id. Achill. 2, 256:solutis lacrimis,
Claud. Ruf. 2, 258; so,partus solvere,
to bear, bring forth, be delivered of offspring, Ov. F. 3, 258; Stat. Th. 5, 461; Plin. 28, 3, 6, § 33; 32, 1, 1, § 6.—To loosen an object from that which holds it together, to break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, take apart, scatter.a.In gen.:b.omne colligatum solvi potest,
Cic. Fin. 11.—Of structures ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):c.solvere naves et rursus conjungere,
Curt. 8, 10, 3:solvere quassatae parcite membra ratis,
Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 2:dubitavit an solveret pontem,
Curt. 4, 16, 8:solvere pontem,
Tac. A. 1, 69:si pons solutus sit,
Dig. 2, 11, 2, § 7:solutus pons tempestatibus,
Just. 2, 13, 9:currum (solis) solutum,
Manil. 1, 740.—Of woven stuff:d.solvens texta,
Prop. 2, 9, 6.—Of mountains:e.utrimque montes solvit (Hercules),
Sen. Herc. Fur. 237:tridente Neptunus montem solvit,
id. Agam. 553.—Of the neck:f.soluta cervix silicis impulsu,
broken, Sen. Troad. 1119.—Of a comet:g.momentum quo cometes solutus et in duas partes redactus est,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 3.—Of the hair, to loosen, untie, let fall:h.solve capillos,
Ov. Am. 3, 9, 3:crinem,
id. A. A. 3, 784; id. M. 11, 682; 13, 584; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 46:comas casside,
Ov. F. 3, 2; cf. id. ib. 4, 854.—Of the earth (so mostly P. a., q. v. infra;3.post-Aug.): ita in terrae corpore evenit ut partes ejus vetustate solvantur, solutae cadant,
Sen. Q. N. 6, 10, 2:ubi montis latus nova ventis solvit hiems,
Stat. Th. 7, 745. —To dissolve; pass., to be dissolved, changed, to pass over into ( poet. and postclass. for dissolvere, or transire in); constr. absol., or with in and acc.(α).Of a change into air or gas:(β).calor mobiliter solvens, differt primordia vini,
dissolving, parts the molecules of the wine, Lucr. 6, 235:nam materiai copia ferretur per inane soluta,
id. 1, 1018; so id. 1, 1103:ita fatus in aera rursus solvitur,
Stat. Th. 5, 285;nec in aera solvi Passa, recentem animam caelestibus intulit astris,
Ov. M. 15, 845.—Into a liquid, to melt:(γ).saepe terra in tabem solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 7:terram quam diximus esse mutabilem et solvi in umorem,
id. ib. 3, 29, 4:nullum tellus se solvit in amnem,
Luc. 2, 408; ipsum in conubia terrae Aethera, cum pluviis rarescunt nubila, solvo, dissolve into the embrace of the earth, i. e. change into rain, Stat. S. 1, 2, 186:ex Aethiopiae jugis solutas nives ad Nilum decurrere,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 17; so,nivem solvere,
id. ib. 4, 5, 2; Ov. Am. 3, 6, 93; Sen. Herc. Oet. 729:rigor auri solvitur aestu,
Lucr. 1, 493:ferrum calidi solvant camini,
Manil. 4, 250:cerae igne solutae,
Ov. A. A. 2, 47:Iris cum vino triduo non solvitur,
Plin. 21, 20, 83, § 142:(herba) quinto die solvitur,
id. 26, 14, 88, § 148.—Of putrefaction:(δ).(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellem,
Verg. G. 4, 302.—Of change in general:(ε).inque novas abiit massa soluta domos,
Ov. F. 1, 108:repentino crementur incendio, atque ex tanta varietate solvantur atque eant in unum omnia (sc. all the heavenly bodies),
Sen. Ben. 6, 22.—Of expansion by heat:(ζ). (η).(uva) cum modo frigoribus premitur, modo solvitur aestu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 317.—Solvi in, to pass into, become:4.in cacumine (herbae) capitula purpurea quae solvantur in lanugines,
Plin. 27, 8, 39, § 61.—Of a wave:donec in planitiem immotarum aquarum solvatur,
disappears in, Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 2:postremi (equi) solvuntur in aequora pisces (= solvuntur in pisces),
Stat. Th. 2, 47: lumina in lacrimas solventur, stream with tears. —Hence, solvere, causative, to make pass over, to make vanish in: circulum in pulverem, in quo descriptus est, solvere, Sen. Ep. 74, 27: soluti agri, the boundaries of which are effaced, Sic. Fl. Cond. Agr. p. 3 Goes.—To consume, to destroy, dissolve:B.solvere orbes,
Manil. 1, 497:ni calor et ventus... interemant sensum diductaque solvant (i.e. sensum),
Lucr. 3, 287:(Cato) ferrei prope corporis animique, quem ne senectus quidem, quae solvit omnia, fregerit,
Liv. 39, 40, 11:si (cometae) sunt purus ignis... nec illos conversio mundi solvit,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 2, 2:(turbo) ab eo motu, qui universum trahit, solveretur,
id. ib. 7, 9, 4:tabes solvit corpora,
Luc. 6, 18; 7, 809:nec solum silvas, sed saxa ingentia solvit (ignis),
id. 3, 506:ne tegat functos humus, ne solvat ignis,
Sen. Thyest. 750.—So, vitam solvere, to extinguish life, esp. of gradual or easy death:solvas potius (vitam), quam abrumpas, dummodo, si alia solvendi ratio non erit, vel abrumpas,
Sen. Ep. 22, 3:hanc mihi solvite vitam,
Prop. 2, 9, 39.—Trop.1.To free, release, loose, emancipate, set free; constr. absol., with abl. or ab and abl.; rarely with gen.a.From the body, etc.:b.teque isto corpore solvo,
Verg. A. 4, 703:soluta corpore anima,
Quint. 5, 14, 13:qui solutas vinculis animas recipit,
Sen. Cons. 28, 8: si animus somno relaxatus solute (i. e. free from the shackles of the body) moveatur ac libere, Cic. Div. 2, 48, 100:vocem solvere,
to set free the voice, to speak, Stat. S. 3, 1; Sen. Thyest. 682; so, responsa solve (pregn. = utter and disclose), Sen. Oedip. 292:suspiria solvit,
Stat. Th. 11, 604:solvat turba jocos,
Sen. Med. 114:solutos Qui captat risus hominum (= quem juvat risus hominum solvere),
Hor. S. 1, 4, 83:Ausonii... versibus incomptis ludunt risuque soluto,
unrestrained, free, Verg. G. 2, 386.—Of members or parts of the body: linguam solvere, to unfetter the tongue (sc. vinculis oris), to give flow to words:c.linguam (Juno) ad jurgia solvit,
Ov. M. 3, 261:lingua devincta nec in motus varios soluta,
Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 7:ut quisque contemptissimus est, ita linguae solutissimae est,
id. Const. 11, 3:(fama) innumeras solvit in praeconia linguas,
Luc. 1, 472. —Solvere bracchia, poet., to unfetter the arms, i. e. to move them:magna difficili solventem bracchia motu,
Stat. Achill. 1, 604; cf.of the free motions of animals: columbae soluto volatu multum velociores,
unrestrained flight, Plin. 10, 36, 52, § 108.—From obligations and debts:d.solvit me debito,
Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 1:an nos debito solverit,
id. Ep. 81, 3:ut religione civitas solvatur,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 98; Liv. 7, 3, 9:te decem tauri... Me tener solvet vitulus (sc. religione),
Hor. C. 4, 2, 54.—So from a military oath:hoc si impetro, solvo vos jurejurando,
Just. 14, 4, 7.—Sacramento or militia solvere, to dismiss a soldier from service:sacramento solvi,
Tac. A. 16, 13:cum quis propter delictum sacramento solvitur,
Dig. 49, 16, 13:militia solvere,
Tac. A. 1, 44.— Munere (publico) solvere, to exempt from public duties:ut Ilienses publico munere solverentur,
Tac. A. 12, 58.—With obj. inf.:ut manere solveretur,
that he should be excused from the duty of remaining, Tac. A. 3, 29.—From guilt and sin, to acquit, absolve, cleanse (cf. absolvere, to acquit of crime):e.si ille huic (insidias fecerit), ut scelere solvamur,
be held guiltless, Cic. Mil. 12, 31:atque hunc ille summus vir scelere solutum periculo liberavit,
id. ib. 4, 9:sit capitis damno Roma soluta mei,
Ov. F. 6, 452:ipsum quoque Pelea Phoci Caede per Haemonias solvit Acastus aquas,
id. ib. 2, 40:Helenen ego crimine solvo,
id. A. A. 2, 371:quid crimine solvis Germanum?
Stat. Th. 11, 379:solutam caede Gradivus manum restituit armis,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 1342. —From feelings, etc.:f.quae eos qui quaesissent cura et negotio solverent,
Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30:cum ego vos solvi curis ceteris,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 33:senatus cura belli solutus,
Plin. 22, 3, 4, § 7:pectus linquunt cura solutum,
Lucr. 2, 45:his terroribus ab Epicuro soluti et in libertatem vindicati,
Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 56:soluti metu,
Liv. 41, 14 init.; 27, 51:solvent formidine terras,
Verg. E. 4, 14:solve metu patriam,
Prop. 4 (5), 6, 41:metu belli Scythas solvit,
Just. 9, 2, 2; so id. 14, 2, 5:haec est Vita solutorum misera ambitione,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 129:soluti a cupiditatibus,
Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27:his concitationibus quem vacuum, solutum, liberum videris,
id. Tusc. 5, 15, 43: et tu solve me dementia, [p. 1726] Hor. Epod. 17, 43:longo luctu,
Verg. A. 2, 26:tristem juventam solve (i. e. juventam tristitia),
Sen. Hippol. 450:solvite tantis animum monstris, solvite, superi,
id. Herc. Fur. 1063:Quis te solvere Thessalis Magus venenis poterit?
Hor. C. 1, 27, 21. — Poet.:solvit animis miracula (for animos miraculis),
the soul from superstition, Manil. 1, 103.—And of animals:rabie tigrim,
Manil. 5, 707.— Absol.:ut ad praecepta quae damus possit ire animus, solvendus est (i. e. perturbationibus),
Sen. Ep. 95, 38:calices, quem non fecere contracta in paupertate solutum?
i. e. from cares, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 20:solvite animos,
Manil. 4, 12.—With in:vix haec in munera solvo animum,
i. e. free it from passions and so make it fit for these duties, Stat. S. 5, 3, 33.—From sleep, very rare:g.ego somno solutus sum,
awoke, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 29 (cf.: somno solvi, to be overwhelmed by sleep, 2. b, g infra).—From labor, business, etc.:h.volucres videmus... solutas opere volitare,
Cic. Or. 2, 6, 23:solutus onere regio, regni bonis fruor,
Sen. Oedip. 685.— Poet.:Romulus excubias decrevit in otia solvi,
to be relieved from guard and enjoy leisure, Prop. 4 (5), 4, 79.—From rigidity, austerity, stiffness, etc., to relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):k.frontem solvere disce,
Mart. 14, 183:saltem ora trucesque solve genas,
Stat. Th. 11, 373:solvit feros tunc ipse rictus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 797.— Poet.:solvatur fronte senectus = frons senectute (i. e. rugis), solvatur,
be cleared, Hor. Epod. 13, 5:vultum risu solvit,
relieves, Val. Max. 4, 3, 5:risum judicis movendo, et illos tristes affectus solvit, et animum renovat,
Quint. 6, 3, 1; so,solvere judicem,
unbend, excite his laughter, id. 11, 3, 3:solvere qui (potui) Curios Fabriciosque graves (sc. risu),
Mart. 9, 28 (29), 4:ut tamen arctum Solveret hospitiis animum,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 83:cujus non contractum sollicitudine animum illius argutiae solvant?
Sen. Cons. Helv. 18, 5.— Transf., pregn.:solventur risu tabulae,
i. e. the austerity of the judge will be relaxed by laughter, and the complaint dismissed, Hor. S. 2, 1, 86.—Imitated:quia si aliquid omiserimus, cum risu quoque tota res solvitur,
Quint. 5, 10, 67.—From any cause of restraint.(α).To release from siege:(β).Bassanitas obsidione solvere,
Liv. 44, 30:patriam obsidione solvere,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 2. —From moral restraints:l.hic palam cupiditates suas solvit,
gave vent to, Curt. 6, 6, 1; v. also P. a., B. 7. infra.—From laws and rules: legibus solvere.(α).To exempt from laws, i. e. by privilege:(β).Vopiscus, qui ex aedilitate consulatum petit, solvatur legibus,
Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11:cur M. Brutus legibus est solutus, si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 13, 31:ut interea magistratus reliquos, legibus omnibus soluti, petere possetis,
id. Agr. 2, 36, 99:Lurco, tribunus plebis, solutus est (et lege Aelia et Furia),
id. Att. 1, 16, 13:solvatne legibus Scipionem,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:petente Flacco ut legibus solverentur,
Liv. 31, 50, 8:Scipio legibus solutus est,
id. Epit. 56:Licet enim, inquiunt, legibus soluti sumus, attamen legibus vivimus,
Just. Inst. 2, 17, 8; cf.:ut munere vigintiviratus solveretur,
Tac. A. 3, 29.— Transf., of the laws of nature, etc.:(aestus) illo tempore, solutus legibus, sine modo fertur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 28, 6:solus (sapiens) generis humani legibus solvitur,
id. Brev. Vit. 15, 5:nec leti lege solutas,
Lucr. 3, 687:nec solvo Rutulos (i. e. legibus fati),
Verg. A. 10, 111.— With gen. (cf. libero), perh. only in phrase testamenti solvere, to release from a testamentary disposition:et is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solveret,
Cic. Leg. 2, 20, 51; 2, 21, 53 (less prop. testamenti is taken as attribute of heredes); cf. Gai. Inst. 3, 175, and Hor. C. 3, 17, 16, P. a., B. 5. fin. infra.—Legibus solutus, not subject to, released from:2. (α).reus Postumus est ea lege... solutus ac liber,
i. e. the law does not apply to him, Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 12:soluti (lege Julia) huc convenistis, ne constricti discedatis cavete,
id. ib. 7, 18.—Of other laws:solutus Legibus insanis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 68:quae sedes expectent animam solutam legibus servitutis humanae,
Sen. Ep. 65, 20.— Transf., of things: soluta legibus scelera sunt, unrestrained by the laws, i. e. crimes are committed with impunity, Sen. Ben. 7, 27, 1.— Of the laws of versification: numerisque fertur Lege solutis, referring to dithyrambic measures, Hor. C. 4, 2, 12 (cf. P. a., B. 11. infra).—Of troops, ranks, etc.:(β).ubi ordines procursando solvissent,
Liv. 42, 65, 8:incomposito agmine, solutis ordinibus,
Curt. 8, 1, 5; so id. 8, 4, 6:agmina Diductis solvere choris,
Verg. A. 5, 581:solvit maniplos,
Juv. 8, 154:solvuntur laudata cohors,
Stat. Achill. 2, 167.—Hence, to separate armies engaged in battle:commissas acies ego possum solvere,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 59.—Of banquets, assemblies, etc.:(γ).convivio soluto,
Liv. 40, 14 fin.:convivium solvit,
Curt. 8, 5, 24; 8, 6, 16:Quid cessas convivia solvere?
Ov. F. 6, 675:coetuque soluto Discedunt,
id. M. 13, 898.—Hence, urbem (Capuam) solutam ac debilitatam reliquerunt, disfranchised, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91.—Of the words in discourse, orationem or versum solvere, to break up a sentence or verse:3.(discant) versus primo solvere, mox mutatis verbis interpretari,
Quint. 1, 9, 2:quod cuique visum erit vehementer, dulciter, speciose dictum, solvat ac turbet,
id. 9, 4, 14:ut partes orationis sibi soluto versu desideret et pedum proprietates,
id. 1, 8, 13:non, ut si solvas Postquam discordia tetra, etc., invenias etiam disjecti membra poetae,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 60.—Implying a change for the worse.a.To relax, make effeminate, weaken, by ease, luxury, dissipation, etc. (post-Aug.):b.Hannibalem hiberna solverunt,
Sen. Ep. 51, 5:usque eo nimio delicati animi languore solvuntur,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 6:infantiam statim deliciis solvimus,
Quint. 1, 2, 6:solutus luxu,
id. 3, 8, 28; so Tac. A. 11, 31.—With in and acc.:soluti in luxum,
Tac. H. 2, 99:in lasciviam,
id. ib. 3, 38.— Transf.: versum solvere, to deprive a verse of its proper rhythm:si quinque continuos dactylos confundas solveris versum,
Quint. 9, 4, 49.—To make torpid by removing sensation.(α).To relax, benumb the limbs or body;(β).as by narcotics, terror, sickness, exhaustion: multaque praeterea languentia membra per artus solvunt,
Lucr. 6, 798:ima Solvuntur latera,
Verg. G. 3, 523:solvi debilitate corporis,
paralyzed, Val. Max. 1, 7, 4:ut soluto labitur moriens gradu,
Sen. Hippol. 368.—In mal. part., Hor. Epod. 12, 8; cf. Verg. G. 3, 523.— Poet.:illum aget, penna metuente solvi, Fama superstes,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 7.—Of the mind:segnitia (oratoris) solvit animos,
wearies, Quint. 11, 3, 52:mentes solvere,
to make insane, Plin. 25, 3, 7, § 25.—By frost ( poet.):(γ).solvuntur illi frigore membra,
Verg. A. 12, 951; 1, 92.—By sleep ( poet. for sopio):(δ).homines volucresque ferasque Solverat alta quies,
Ov. M. 7, 186:corpora somnus Solverat,
id. ib. 10, 369:molli languore solutus,
id. ib. 11, 648;11, 612: altoque sopore solutum,
id. ib. 8, 817:somno vinoque solutos,
id. F. 2, 333; Verg. A. 9, 236:ut membra solvit sopor,
id. ib. 12, 867:non solvit pectora somnus,
Sen. Agam. 76.—With in:solvitur in somnos,
Verg. A. 4, 530.— Transf., of the sea:aequor longa ventorum pace solutum,
lulled to sleep, Stat. Th. 3, 255.—By death: solvi, to die ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):4.ipse deus, simulatque volam, me solvet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78:corporibus quae senectus solvit,
Curt. 89, 32 (cf. A. 4. supra):(corpus) quam nullo negotio solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 2:alius inter cenandum solutus est,
id. Ep. 66, 43:ubicumque arietaveris, solveris,
id. Cons. Marc. 11, 3:me fata maturo exitu facilique solvant,
Sen. Troad. 605:solvi inedia,
Petr. 111:sic morte quasi somno soluta est,
Flor. 2, 21, 11.—Hence,Of logical dissolution, to refute:b.non tradit Epicurus quomodo captiosa solvantur,
how fallacies are refuted, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22:argumentum solvere,
Quint. 2, 17, 34:solutum scies quod nobis opponitur,
Sen. Const. 12, 3.—To disperse, dispel, as of a cloud:II. A.deorum beneficia tempestiva ingentes minas interventu suo solventia,
Sen. Ben. 4, 4, 2.In a corporeal sense.1.In gen., to loose (weaker than rumpo;2.post-Aug.): effringere quam aperire, rumpere quam solvere putant robustius,
Quint. 2, 12, 1:qua convulsa tota operis colligatio solveretur,
Val. Max. 8, 14, 6:supera compage soluta,
Stat. Th. 8, 31.—To remove a fetter, bridle, etc.:3.nullo solvente catenas,
Ov. M. 3, 700: vincla jugis boum, Tib. 2, 1, 7:solvere frenum,
Phaedr. 1, 2, 3:loris solutis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 41.— Transf., of prisons:qui, solutis ergastulis, exercitus numerum implevit,
Liv. Ep. 56; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 13; 11, 13, 2.—Of frost:gelu solvitur,
it thaws, Tac. H. 1, 79:solvitur acris hiems,
Hor. C. 1, 4, 1.—Of clouds:facit igitur ventum resoluta nubes, quae plurimis modis solvitur,
Sen. Q. N. 5, 12, 5; 5, 12, 1.—Of the grasp of hands, fingers, etc.:Aeacides a corpore bracchia solvit,
looses his hold, Ov. M. 11, 246:indigno non solvit bracchia collo,
Stat. Th. 5, 217:digitis solutis abjecit jaculum,
id. ib. 8, 585.—To untie a string, cord, necklace, etc., slacken or unlock an enclosure, open a box, trunk, etc.:B.solve vidulum ergo,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 98:eam solve cistulam,
id. Am. 2, 2, 151:solve zonam,
untie, id. Truc. 5, 62:solvisse jugalem ceston fertur,
Stat. Th. 5, 62:animai nodos a corpore solvit,
Lucr. 2, 950:nihil interest quomodo (nodi) solvantur,
Curt. 3, 1, 18:quid boni est, nodos operose solvere, quos ipse ut solveres feceris?
Sen. Ben. 5, 12, 2:solvere nodum,
Stat. Th. 11, 646:laqueum quem nec solvere possis, nec abrumpere,
Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:vix solvi duros a pectore nexus,
Ov. M. 9, 58:fasciam solve,
Sen. Ep. 80, 10:solutis fasciis,
Curt. 7, 6, 5:solvi fasciculum,
Cic. Att. 11, 9, 2:crinales vittas,
Verg. A. 7, 403:Parmenion vinculum epistulae solvens,
Curt. 7, 2, 25:equum empturus solvi jubes stratum,
Sen. Ep. 80, 9:redimicula solvite collo,
Ov. F. 4, 135:corollas de fronte,
Prop. 1, 3, 21:solvere portas,
Stat. Th. 3, 492:munimina valli,
id. ib. 12, 10:ille pharetram Solvit,
Ov. M. 5, 380.— Transf., of the veins as enclosures of the blood:solutis ac patefactis venis,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 15, 5:venam cultello solvere,
Col. 6, 14; cf.also: lychnis alvum solvit,
looses the bowels, Plin. 21, 26, 98, § 171; 21, 20, 83, § 140; Suet. Vesp. 24; Tac. A. 12, 67:ventrem,
Plin. 20, 8, 30, § 74.— Absol. (sc. alvum), Mart. 13, 29:stomachus solutus = venter solutus,
loose bowels, Petr. 117; Scrib. Comp. 92.—Trop., to slacken or remove a bond.1.Solvere aliquid (aliquod vinculum; cf. I. B. 1. supra).a.Of the mouth, etc., to open:b.talibus ora solvit verbis,
Ov. M. 15, 74; so id. ib. 1, 181; Tib. 4, 5, 14:ternis ululatibus ora Solvit,
Ov. M. 7, 191; 9, 427; id. Tr. 3, 11, 20; Stat. Achill. 1, 525:vix ora solvi patitur etiamnum timor,
Sen. Herc. Oet. 725; so,os promptius ac solutius,
Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 1.— Transf., of an abyss:hic ora solvit Ditis invisi domus,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 664.—To remove, cancel; to destroy the force of a legal or moral obligation by expiration, death, etc.:c.si mors alterutrius interveniat, solvitur mandatum,
Gai. Inst. 3, 160:cum aliquis renunciaverit societati, societas solvitur,
id. ib. 3, 151; so id. ib. 3, 152:morte solvetur compromissum,
Dig. 4, 8, 27:soluto matrimonio,
ib. 24, 3, 2:solutum conjugium,
Juv. 9, 79:qui... conjugalia solvit,
Sen. Med. 144:nec conjugiale solutum Foedus in alitibus,
Ov. M. 11, 743:(sapiens) invitus beneficium per compensationem injuriae solvet,
cancel the obligation of a favor by the set-off of a wrong, Sen. Ep. 81, 17.—To efface guilt or wrong:d.magnis injuria poenis Solvitur,
Ov. F. 5, 304:solve nefas, dixit: solvit et ille nefas,
id. ib. 2, 44:culpa soluta mea est,
id. Tr. 4, 4, 10:neque tu verbis solves unquam quod mi re male feceris (i. e. injuriam),
Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 10.—Poenam solvere, to suffer punishment, i. e. to cancel the obligation of suffering, etc. (cf. 3. infra;e.less freq. than poenam persolvere, exsolvere): serae, sed justae tamen et debitae poenae solutae sunt,
Cic. Mil. 31, 85:capite poenas solvit,
Sall. J. 69, 4:meritas poenas solventem,
Curt. 6, 3, 14:poenarum solvendi tempus,
Lucr. 5, 1224:nunc solvo poenas,
Sen. Phoen. 172:hac manu poenas tibi solvam,
id. Hippol. 1177.—To remove, relieve, soothe affections, passions, etc.:f.atque animi curas e pectore solvat,
Lucr. 4, 908:curam metumque juvat Dulci Lyaeo solvere,
Hor. Epod. 9, 38:patrimonii cura solvatur,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. §2: Pyrrhus impetus sui terrore soluto,
Val. Max. 4, 3, 14:solvite corde metum,
Verg. A. 1, 562; so id. ib. 9, 90:solve metus animo,
Stat. Th. 2, 356:solvi pericula et metus narrant,
Plin. 11, 37, 52, § 140: neque adhuc Stheneleius iras Solverat Eurystheus, [p. 1727] Ov. M. 9, 274:hoc uno solvitur ira modo,
id. A. A. 2, 460:solvitque pudorem,
Verg. A. 4, 55.—Of sleep:g.quasi clamore solutus Sit sopor,
Ov. M. 3, 6, 30:nec verba, nec herbae audebunt longae somnum tibi solvere Lethes,
Luc. 6, 768; cf.:lassitudinem solvere,
Plin. 37, 10, 54, § 143. —Of any checks and barriers to motion, to remove.(α).To raise a siege:(β).solutam cernebat obsidionem,
Liv. 36, 10, 14:soluta obsidione,
id. 36, 31, 7:ad Locrorum solvendam obsidionem,
id. 27, 28, 17; cf. id. 37, 7, 7; 38, 5, 6; 42, 56 init.; 44, 13, 7; Curt. 4, 4, 1; Tac. A. 4, 24; 4, 73; Just. 9, 2, 10.—Of passions, etc., to remove restraint:(γ).cujus si talis animus est, solvamus nos ejus vincula, et claustra (i. e. irae) refringamus,
Liv. 36, 7, 13.—To overthrow, subvert a higher authority, etc.:h.quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia corruperat,
Sall. J. 39, 5:imperia solvit qui tacet, jussus loqui,
Sen. Oedip. 525:sonipedes imperia solvunt,
id. Hippol. 1084; cf.:sanctitas fori ludis solvitur,
Quint. 11, 3, 58.—Of laws and customs, to abolish, violate:2.solvendarum legum id principium esse censebant (post-Aug. for dissolvendarum),
Curt. 10, 2, 5:solutae a se legis monitus,
Val. Max. 6, 5, ext. 4:cum plus quam ducentorum annorum morem solveremus,
Liv. 8, 4, 7:(Tarquinius) morem de omnibus senatum consulendi solvit,
id. 1, 49, 7:oportebat istum morem solvi,
Curt. 8, 8, 18.—Esp. with acc. of the bond, etc. (taking the place of the constr. I. B. 1. 2. 3. supra, when the abl. of separation is not admissible).a.To subvert discipline:b.disciplinam militarem solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7, 16:luxuria solutam disciplinam militarem esse,
id. 40, 1, 4:quod cum, ne disciplina solveretur, fecisset,
Front. Strat. 2, 12, 2.—Of strength, energy, attention, etc., to loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse:c.nobilitas factione magis pollebat, plebis vis soluta atque dispersa,
Sall. J. 41, 6:patrios nervos externarum deliciarum contagione solvi et hebetari noluerunt,
Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:vires solvere,
Quint. 9, 4, 7:vis illa dicendi solvitur, et frigescit affectus,
Quint. 11, 3, 133.—Of affection, etc., to sever, dissolve, destroy:d.segnes nodum (amicitiae) solvere Gratiae,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 22;similarly: solvit (ille deus) amicos,
Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 5; so id. 2, 15 (3, 7), 26:hoc firmos solvit amores,
Ov. A. A. 2, 385:amores cantibus et herbis solvere,
Tib. 1, 2, 60.—Of sickness and hunger, to end, remove:e.vitex dicitur febres solvere,
Plin. 24, 9, 38, § 60:solvit jejunia granis,
Ov. F. 4, 607:quoniam jejunia virgo Solverat,
id. M. 5, 535; cf. Luc. 3, 282; so,famem,
Sen. Thyest. 64.—To delay:f.hi classis moras hac morte solvi rentur,
Sen. Troad. 1131.—Of darkness, to dispel:g.lux solverat umbras,
Stat. Th. 10, 390.—Of war, strife, etc., to compose, settle:h.aut solve bellum, mater, aut prima excipe,
Sen. Phoen. 406:electus formae certamina solvere pastor,
Stat. Achill. 2, 337:jurgia solvere,
Manil. 3, 115:contradictiones solvere,
Quint. 7, 1, 38.—Of difficulties, riddles, questions, ambiguities, etc., to solve, explain, remove:3.quia quaestionem solvere non posset,
Val. Max. 9, 12, ext. 3:aenigmata,
Quint. 8, 6, 53:omnes solvere posse quaestiones,
Suet. Gram. 11:haec ipsa, quae volvuntur ab illis, solvere malim et expandere,
Sen. Ep. 82, 20; id. Q. N. 7, 14, 1:unum tantum hoc solvendum est,
that one question, id. ib. 1, 7, 3:puta nunc me istuc non posse solvere,
id. Ep. 48, 6:carmina non intellecta Solverat,
Ov. M. 7, 760:triste carmen alitis solvi ferae,
Sen. Oedip. 102:nodos juris,
Juv. 8, 50:proponere aliquid quod solvat quaestionem,
Quint. 5, 10, 96:plurimas quaestiones illis probationibus solvi solere,
id. 1, 10, 49:quo solvitur quaestio supra tractata,
id. 3, 7, 3:ambiguitatem or amphiboliam,
id. 7, 2, 49; 7, 9, 10.—In partic., of obligations, to fulfil.a.To pay.(α).Originally, rem solvere, to free one's property and person (rem familiarem) from debts (solutio per aes et libram), according to the ancient formula:(β).quod ego tibi tot millibus condemnatus sum, me eo nomine... a te solvo liberoque hoc aere aeneaque libra,
Gai. Inst. 3, 174 Huschke; cf.:inde rem creditori palam populo solvit (i. e. per aes et libram),
Liv. 6, 14, 5:quas res dari, fieri, solvi oportuit,
id. 1, 32, 11. —Hence, rem solvere, to pay; often with dat. of person:pro vectura rem solvit?
paid the freight, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 27:ubi nugivendis res soluta'st omnibus,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 51:tibi res soluta est recte,
id. Curc. 4, 3, 21:ego quidem pro istac rem solvo ab tarpessita meo,
id. ib. 5, 2, 20:rem solvo omnibus quibus dehibeo,
id. ib. 5, 3, 45:dum te strenuas, res erit soluta,
id. Ps. 2, 2, 35:res soluta'st, Gripe, ego habeo,
id. Rud. 5, 3, 57.— Trop.: saepe edunt (aves);semel si captae sunt, rem solvont aucupi,
they repay him, pay for his expenses, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 66.—And to pay by other things than money:si tergo res solvonda'st,
by a whipping, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 54:habent hunc morem ut pugnis rem solvant si quis poscat clarius,
id. Curc. 3, 9:tibi quidem copia'st, dum lingua vivet, qui rem solvas omnibus,
id. Rud. 2, 6, 74.—Hence,Absol. (sc. rem), to pay; with or without dat. of person:(γ).cujus bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venierunt,
Cic. Fl. 18, 43:ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. Fufiis,
id. ib. 20, 46:misimus qui pro vectura solveret,
id. Att. 1, 3, 2:qui nimis cito cupit solvere, invitus debet,
Sen. Ben. 4, 40, 5:ut creditori solvat,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 7.— Pass. impers.:si dare vis mihi, Magis solutum erit quam ipsi dederis,
it will be a more valid payment, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 46:numquam vehementius actum est quam me consule, ne solveretur,
to stop payments, Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:fraudandi spe sublata solvendi necessitas consecuta est,
id. ib. 2, 24, 84:cum eo ipso quod necesse erat solvi, facultas solvendi impediretur,
Liv. 6, 34, 1.—Cf. in the two senses, to free from debt, and to pay, in the same sentence:non succurrere vis illi, sed solvere. Qui sic properat, ipse solvi vult, non solvere,
Sen. Ben. 6, 27, 1.—With acc. of the debt, to discharge, to pay:(δ).postquam Fundanio debitum solutum esset,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 10:hoc quod debeo peto a te ut... solutum relinquas,
settled, id. Att. 16, 6, 3:solverat Castricio pecuniam jam diu debitam,
id. Fl. 23, 54:ex qua (pensione) major pars est ei soluta,
id. Att. 16, 2, 1:solvi aes alienum Pompejus ex suo fisco jussit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 11:aes alienum solvere,
Sen. Ep. 36, 5:quae jactatio est, solvisse quod debebas?
id. Ben. 4, 17, 1; so,debitum solvere,
id. ib. 6, 30, 2:ne pecunias creditas solverent,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:ut creditae pecuniae solvantur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 20; 3, 1:ex thensauris Gallicis creditum solvi posse,
Liv. 6, 15, 5:ita bona veneant ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
Cic. Rab. Post. 17, 46.—And of moral debts:cum patriae quod debes solveris,
Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:debet vero, solvitque praeclare,
id. Phil. 13, 11, 25:aliter beneficium, aliter creditum solvitur,
Sen. Ben. 2, 34, 1:qui grate beneficium accipit, primam ejus pensionem solvit,
id. ib. 2, 22 fin. —By a confusion of construction, solvere pecuniam, etc., to pay money, etc. (for pecunia rem or debitum solvere); constr. with dat. or absol.:(ε).emi: pecuniam solvi,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 43:pro frumento nihil solvit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 72, §169: legatis pecuniam pro frumento solvit,
Liv. 44, 16:hanc pecuniam cum solvere in praesenti non posset,
Nep. Milt. 7, 6:nisi pecuniam solvisset,
id. Cim. 1, 1:condiciones pacis dictae ut decem millia talentum argenti... solverent,
Liv. 30, 37 med.:pro quo (frumento) pretium solveret populus Romanus,
id. 36, 3, 1:pretium servorum ex aerario solutum est dominis,
id. 32, 26, 14:pretium pro libris domino esse solvendum,
id. 40, 39 fin.:meritam mercedem,
id. 8, 22, 3; so id. 8, 11, 4: sorte creditum solvere, by paying the principal (i. e. without interest), id. 6, 36, 12:quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvantur,
Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:stipendium,
Liv. 28, 32, 1:dotem mulieri,
Dig. 24, 3, 2:litem aestimatam,
the amount of a fine, Nep. Cim. 5, 18 fin.:arbitria funeris,
the expenses of the funeral, Cic. Red. Sen. 7, 18:solvere dodrantem,
to pay seventy-five per cent., Mart. 8, 9, 1:dona puer solvit,
paid the promised gifts, Ov. M. 9, 794; so,munera,
id. ib. 11, 104.— Transf., of the dedication of a book, in return for favors:et exspectabo ea (munera) quae polliceris, et erunt mihi pergrata si solveris... Non solvam nisi prius a te cavero, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 4, 17 sq. —Of the delivery of slaves:si quis duos homines promise rit et Stichum solverit,
Dig. 46, 3, 67; 46, 3, 38, § 3.— Transf., poet.: dolorem solvisti, you have paid your grief, i. e. have duly mourned, Stat. S. 2, 6, 98.— Pass. with personal subject:si (actor) solutus fuisset,
Dig. 12, 1, 31 (cf.: solvere militem, b supra). —Esp., in certain phrases, to pay:b.aliquid praesens solvere,
to pay in cash, Cic. Att. 16, 2, 1; so,aliquid de praesentibus solvere,
Sen. Ep. 97, 16:solvere grates (= referre gratiam muneribus): Sulla solvit grates Dianae,
Vell. 2, 25:quas solvere grates sufficiam?
Stat. S. 4, 2, 7: cum homo avarus, ut ea (beneficia) solveret sibi imperare non posset, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 1; cf.: non dicimus reposuit beneficium aut solvit;nullum nobis placuit quod aeri alieno convenit verbum,
Sen. Ep. 81, 9; but v. id. Ben. 2, 18, 5: in debitum solvere, to make a partial payment:unum haec epistula in debitum solvet,
id. Ep. 7, 10: aliquid solvere ab aliquo (de aliqua re), to pay out of funds supplied by any one ( out of any fund):Quintus laborat ut tibi quod debet ab Egnatio solvat,
Cic. Att. 7, 18, 4:homines dicere, se a me solvere,
id. ib. 5, 21, 11:(summa) erat solvenda de meo,
Plin. Ep. 2, 4, 2:operas solvere alicui,
to work for somebody, Dig. 40, 7, 39: solvo operam Dianae, I work for Diana, i. e. offer a sacrifice to her, Afran. ap. Non. 12, 21: judicatum solvere, to pay the amount adjudged by the court, for which security (satisdatio) was required:stipulatio quae appellatur judicatum solvi,
Gai. Inst. 4, 90:iste postulat ut procurator judicatum solvi satisdaret,
Cic. Quint. 7, 29; so Dig. 3, 2, 28; 3, 3, 15; 2, 8, 8;2, 8, 14 et saep.: auctio solvendis nummis,
a cash auction, Mart. 14, 35.— Gerund.: solvendo esse, to be solvent; jurid. t. t., to be able to pay, i. e. one's debts; cf.in full: nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno respublica esset,
Liv. 31, 13:nemo dubitat solvendo esse eum qui defenditur,
Dig. 50, 17, 105:qui modo solvendo sint,
Gai. Inst. 1, 3, 121:si solvendo sint,
Paul. Sent. 1, 20, 1:nec interest, solvendo sit, necne,
Dig. 30, 1, 49, § 5; so ib. 46, 1, 10; 46, 1, 27, § 2; 46, 1, 51, §§ 1 and 4; 46, 1, 52, § 1; 46, 1, 28; 50, 17, 198 et saep.: non solvendo esse, to be insolvent:solvendo non erat,
Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3:cum solvendo civitates non essent,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:tu nec solvendo eras, nec, etc.,
id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:ne videatur non fuisse solvendo,
id. Off. 2, 22, 79;and very freq. in the jurists.—So, trop.: quid matri, quid flebili patriae dabis? Solvendo non es,
Sen. Oedip. 941; cf.:*non esse ad solvendum (i. e. able to pay),
Vitr. 10, 6 fin. —To fulfil the duty of burial.(α).Justa solvere; with dat. of the person:(β).qui nondum omnia paterno funeri justa solvisset,
who had not yet finished the burial ceremonies of his father, Cic. Rosc. Am. 8, 23:justis defunctorum corporibus solutis,
Curt. 3, 12, 15:proinde corpori quam primum justa solvamus,
id. 10, 6, 7:ut justa soluta Remo,
Ov. F. 5, 452:nunc justa nato solve,
Sen. Hippol. 1245.—Exsequias, inferias or suprema solvere:c.exsequiis rite solutis,
Verg. A. 7, 5:cruor sancto solvit inferias viro,
Sen. Hippol. 1198:solvere suprema militibus,
Tac. A. 1, 61.—Votum solvere, to fulfil a vow to the gods.(α).Alone:(β).vota ea quae numquam solveret nuncupavit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11:quod si factum esset, votum rite solvi non posse,
Liv. 31, 9 fin.:liberare et se et rempublicam religione votis solvendis,
id. 40, 44, 8:placatis diis votis rite solvendis,
id. 36, 37 fin.:petiit ut votum sibi solvere liceret,
id. 45, 44:animosius a mercatore quam a vectore solvitur votum,
Sen. Ep. 73, 5:vota pro incolumitate solvebantur,
Tac. A. 2, 69:vota pater solvit,
Ov. M. 9, 707:ne votum solvat,
Mart. 12, 91, 6; 8, 4, 2; Val. Max. 6, 9, 5 ext.; 1, 1, 8 ext. — Poet.:voti debita solvere,
Ov. F. 5, 596; cf.the abbrev. formula V. S. L. M. (voTVM SOLVIT LIBENS MERITO),
Inscr. Orell. 186; 1296 sq.:V.S.A.L. (ANIMO LIBENTI),
ib. 2022 et saep.:sacra solvere (=votum solvere),
Manil. 1, 427.—With dat.:d.ait sese Veneri velle votum solvere,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 60:vota Jovi solvo,
Ov. M. 7, 652; 8, 153:sunt vota soluta deae,
id. F. 6, 248:dis vota solvis,
Sen. Ben. 5, 19, 4:libamenta Veneri solvere (=votum per libamenta),
Just. 18, 5, 4.—Fidem solvere, to fulfil a promise (post-class. for fidem praestare, [p. 1728] exsolvere; cf.:e.fidem obligatam liberare,
Suet. Claud. 9):illi, ut fidem solverent, clipeis obruere,
Flor. 1, 1, 12;similarly: et voti solverat ille fidem (=votum solverat),
Ov. F. 1, 642; but cf.: itane imprudens? tandem inventa'st causa: solvisti fidem, you have found a pretext to evade your promise (cf. II. A. 3.), Ter. And. 4, 1, 18: esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, by my death your promise to marry me would have been cancelled (cf. II. B. 1. 6.), Ov. H. 10, 78; similarly: suam fidem (i. e. quam Lepido habuerit) solutam esse, that his faith in Lepidus was broken, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 3.—With a different construction: se depositi fide solvere, to acquit one's self of the duty to return property intrusted to him (cf. I. B. 1. c.), Val. Max. 7, 3, 5 ext.: factique fide data munera solvit, he freed the gift already given from the obligation of an accomplished fact, i. e. he revoked the gifts, although already made, Ov. M. 11, 135.—Promissum solvere, to fulfil a promise (very rare):A.perinde quasi promissum solvens,
Val. Max. 9, 6, 1:solvitur quod cuique promissum est,
Sen. Cons. Marc. 20 fin.;similarly: solutum, quod juraverant, rebantur,
what they had promised under oath, Liv. 24, 18, 5.—Hence, sŏlūtus, a, um, P. a., free, loose, at large, unfettered, unbandaged.Lit.1.(Acc. to I.A. 1. supra.) Pigeat nostrum erum si eximat aut solutos sinat, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 11:2.tibi moram facis quom ego solutus sto,
id. Ep. 5, 2, 25:reus solutus causam dicis, testes vinctos attines,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 63:cum eos vinciret quos secum habebat, te solutum Romam mittebat?
Cic. Deiot. 7, 22:nec quisquam ante Marium solutus dicitur esse sectus,
unbandaged, id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:duos (captivos) solutos ire ad Hannibalem jussit,
Liv. 27, 51:eum interdiu solutum custodes sequebantur, nocte clausum asservabant,
id. 24, 45, 10:non efficiatis ut solutos verear quos alligatos adduxit,
Val. Max. 6, 2, 3.—(Acc. to I. A. 2.) Of texture, etc.; esp. of soil, loose, friable (opp spissus;3.postAug.): quo solutior terra facilius pateat radicibus,
Sen. Ep. 90, 21;ordeum nisi solutum et siccum locum non patitur,
Col. 2, 9:soluta et facilis terra,
id. 3, 14;solum solutum vel spissum,
id. 2, 2 init.;seri vult raphanus terra soluta, umida,
Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 83:hordeum seri non vult, nisi in sicca et soluta terra,
id. 18, 7, 18, § 79:solutiores ripae,
Front. Aquaed. 15.—Of plants:mas spissior, femina solutior,
Plin. 25, 9, 57, § 103.—Hence, subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., a state of looseness:dum vult describere, quem ad modum alia torqueantur fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducantur,
Sen. Ep. 90, 20.—(Acc. to I. A. 3.) Rarefied, thin, diffused:B.turbo, quo celsior eo solutior laxiorque est, et ob hoc diffunditur,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 9, 3:aer agitatus a sole calefactusque solutior est,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:debet aer nec tam spissus esse, nec tam tenuis et solutus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 2, 11.—Trop.1.(Acc. to I. B. 1.) Of speech, unfettered, fluent, ready:2.(orator) solutus in explicandis sententiis,
Cic. Or. 47, 173:verbis solutus satis,
id. ib. 47, 174:solutissimus in dicendo,
id. ib. 48, 180.—Exempt, free from duties, obligations, etc.:3.quam ob rem viderer maximis beneficii vinculis obstrictus, cum liber essem et solutus?
Cic. Planc. 30, 72:soluta (praedia) meliore in causa sunt quam obligata,
unmortgaged, id. Agr. 3, 2, 9:si reddidi (debitum), solutus sum ac liber,
Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 5;non ut gratus, sed ut solutus sim,
id. ib. 4, 21, 3;solutus omni fenore,
Hor. Epod. 2, 4;nam ea (religione) magister equitum solutus ac liber potuerit esse,
Liv. 8, 32, 5:Mamertini soli in omni orbe terrarum vacui, expertes soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23.—Free from punishment, not punishable, not liable, etc.: qui mancipia vendunt, certiores faciunt emptores quis fugitivus sit, noxave solutus, Edict. Aedil. ap. Dig. 21, 1, 1, § 1; Gell. 4, 2, 1; cf.:4.quod aiunt aediles noxae solutus non sit sic intellegendum est... noxali judicio subjectum non esse,
Dig. 21, 1, 17, § 17:apud quos libido etiam permissam habet et solutam licentiam,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:omne illud tempus habeat per me solutum ac liberum,
i. e. let the crimes then committed be unpunished, id. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 33: antea vacuum id solutumque poena fuerat, Tac. A. 14, 28.—With subj. inf.:maxime solutum fuit, prodere de iis, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 35: solutum existimatur esse, alteri male dicere, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3.—Free from cares, undistracted:5.animo soluto liberoque,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185:sed paulo solutiore tamen animo,
id. ib. 2, 5, 31, § 82.—At leisure, free from labor, business, etc.:6.te rogo ut eum solutum, liberum, confectis ejus negotiis a te, quamprimum ad me remittas,
Cic. Fam. 13, 63, 2:quo mea ratio facilior et solutior esse possit,
id. ib. 3, 5, 1.—With gen.:Genium Curabis Cum famulis operum solutis,
Hor. C. 3, 17, 16.—Unbound, relaxed, merry, jovial:7.quam homines soluti ridere non desinant, tristiores autem, etc.,
Cic. Dom. 39, 104:an tu existimas quemquam soluto vultu et hilari oculo mortem contemnere?
Sen. Ep. 23, 4:vultus,
Stat. Th. 5, 355:(mores) naturam sequentium faciles sunt, soluti sunt,
unembarrassed, Sen. Ep. 122, 17.—Free from the rule of others, uncontrolled, independent:8.cum videas civitatis voluntatem solutam, virtutem alligatam,
Cic. Att. 2, 18, 1:ab omni imperio externo soluta in perpetuum Hispania,
Liv. 29, 1 fin.:Masinissae ab imperio Romano solutam libertatem tribuit,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 6:incerti, solutique, et magis sine domino quam in libertate, Vononem in regnum accipiunt,
Tac. A. 2, 4:quorum (militum) libertas solutior erat,
Just. 13, 2, 2.—Of animals:rectore solutos (solis) equos,
Stat. Th. 1, 219.—Free from influence or restraint; hence, independent, unbiassed, unprejudiced:9.nec vero deus ipse alio modo intellegi potest, nisi mens soluta quaedam et libera,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 27, 66;cum animi sine ratione motu ipsi suo soluto ac libero incitarentur,
id. Div. 1, 2, 4:judicio senatus soluto et libero,
id. Phil. 5, 15, 41:sum enim ad dignitatem in re publica solutus,
id. Att. 1, 13, 2:libero tempore cum soluta vobis est eligendi optio,
id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:si omnia mihi essent solutissima, tamen in re publica non alius essem atque nunc sum,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:liberi enim ad causas solutique veniebant,
uncommitted, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 192.—Free from moral restraint; hence, unbridled, insolent, loose:10.amores soluti et liberi,
Cic. Rep. 4, 4, 4:licentia,
id. ib. 4, 4, 4:populi quamvis soluti ecfrenatique sint,
id. ib. 1, 34, 53:quis erat qui sibi solutam P. Clodii praeturam sine maximo metu proponeret? Solutam autem fore videbatis, nisi esset is consul qui eam auderet possetque constringere,
id. Mil. 13, 34:quominus conspectus, eo solutior erat,
Liv. 27, 31 fin.:adulescentes aliquot quorum, in regno, libido solutior fuerat,
id. 2, 1, 2:solutioris vitae primos adulescentiae annos egisse fertur,
a licentious life, Val. Max. 2, 6, 1:spectandi solutissimum morem corrigere,
Suet. Aug. 44:mores soluti,
licentious habits, Just. 3, 3, 10.—Regardless of rules, careless, loose:11.orator tam solutus et mollis in gestu,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:dicta factaque ejus solutiora, et quandam sui neglegentiam praeferentia,
Tac. A. 16, 18.—Esp., of style, etc., free from rules of composition.(α).Oratio soluta, verba soluta, a free style, conversational or epistolary style:(β).est oratio aliqua vincta atque contexta, soluta alia, qualis in sermone et epistulis,
Quint. 9, 4, 19; 9, 4, 20; 9, 4, 69; 9, 4, 77.—More freq.: verba soluta, oratio soluta, prose (opp. to verse);(γ).in full: scribere conabar verba soluta modis, Ov Tr. 4, 10, 24: quod (Isocrates) verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxerit,
Cic. Or. 52, 174:mollis est enim oratio philosophorum... nec vincta numeris, sed soluta liberius,
id. ib. 19, 64; 71, 234;68, 228: si omnes soluta oratione scripserunt,
Varr. R. R. 4, 1; de heisce rebus treis libros ad te mittere institui;de oratione soluta duos, de poetica unum,
id. L. L. 6, 11 fin.:ut in soluta oratione, sic in poemateis,
id. ib. 7, 1:primus (Isocrates) intellexit. etiam in soluta oratione, dum versum effugeres modum et numerum quemdam debere servari,
Cic. Brut. 8, 32:Aristoteles judicat heroum numerum grandiorem quam desideret soluta oratio,
id. Or. 57, 192:et creticus et paeon quam commodissume putatur in solutam orationem illigari,
id. ib. 64, 215:a modis quibusdam, cantu remoto, soluta esse videatur oratio,
id. ib. 55, 183; 55, 184; id. de Or. 3, 48, 184: historia est quodammodo carmen solutum, Quint. 10, 1, 31.—Also in reference to a prose rhythm, loose, unrhythmical, inharmonious:(δ).ut verba neque inligata sint, quasi... versus, neque ita soluta ut vagentur,
Cic. de Or. 3, 44, 176; 3, 48, 186:nec vero haec (Callidii verba) soluta nec diffluentia, sed astricta numeris,
id. Brut. 79, 274:orator sic illigat sententiam verbis ut eam numero quodam complectatur et astricto et soluto,
id. de Or. 3, 44, 175; but: verba soluta suis figuris, words freed from their proper meaning, i.e. metaphors, Manil. 1, 24.—Rarely with reference to the thought: soluta oratio, a fragmentary, disconnected style:12.soluta oratio, et e singulis non membris, sed frustis, collata, structura caret,
Quint. 8, 5, 27; cf. id. 9, 4, 69:solutiora componere,
id. 10, 4, 1; 9, 4, 15.—Effeminate, luxurious (acc. to I. B. 3.):13.sinum togae in dextrum umerum reicere, solutum ac delicatum est,
Quint. 11, 3, 146.—Undisciplined, disorderly:14.omnia soluta apud hostes esse,
Liv. 8, 30, 3:nihil temeritate solutum,
Tac. A. 13, 40:apud Achaeos neglecta omnia ac soluta fuere,
Just. 34, 2, 2.—Lax, remiss, weak:C.mea lenitas adhuc si cui solutior visa erat,
Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:Ciceronem male audivisse, tamquam solutum et enervem,
Tac. Or. 18:soluti ac fluentes,
Quint. 1, 2, 8.—Hence:solutum genus orationis,
a lifeless, dull style, Val. Max. 8, 10, 3:quanto longius abscederent, eo solutiore cura,
laxer attention, Liv. 3, 8, 8.—(Acc. to II. B. 3. e supra.) Paid, discharged, only as subst.: sŏlūtum, i, n., that which is paid, a discharged debt, in certain phrases:1.aliquid in solutum dare,
to give something in payment, Dig. 46, 3, 45; 46, 3, 46; 46, 3, 60: in solutum accipere, to accept in payment:qui voluntatem bonam in solutum accipit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 4:qui rem in solutum accipit,
Dig. 42, 4, 15; 12, 1, 19;in solutum imputare,
to charge as payment, Sen. Ep. 8, 10; aliquid pro soluto est, is considered as paid or cancelled:pro soluto id in quo creditor accipiendo moram fecit, oportet esse,
Dig. 46, 3, 72: pro soluto usucapere, to acquire by prescription something given in payment by the debtor, but not belonging to him:pro soluto usucapit qui rem debiti causa recepit,
Dig. 41, 3, 46.— Adv.: sŏlūtē.Thinly:2.corpora diffusa solute,
Lucr. 4, 53.—Of speech, fluently:3. 4.non refert videre quid dicendum est, nisi id queas solute ac suaviter dicere,
Cic. Brut. 29, 110:ita facile soluteque volvebat sententias,
id. ib. 81, 280:quid ipse compositus alias, et velut eluctantium verborum, solutius promptiusque eloquebatur,
Tac. A. 4, 31.—Freely, without restraint:5. 6.generaliter puto judicem justum... solutius aequitatem sequi,
i. e. without strictly regarding the letter of the law, Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—Of manners and discipline, disorderly, negligently:7.praecipue sub imperio Cn. Manlii solute ac neglegenter habiti sunt (exercitus),
Liv. 39, 1, 4:in stationibus solute ac neglegenter agentes,
id. 23, 37, 6.—Weakly, tamely, without vigor:8.quod ille tam solute egisset, tam leniter, tam oscitanter,
Cic. Brut. 80, 277.—Of morals, loosely, without restraint:ventitabat illuc Nero, quo solutius urbem extra lasciviret,
Tac. A. 13, 47. -
8 comminor
com-minor, ātus sum, ārī depon.1)а) грозить, угрожать ( alicui aliquā re или aliquam rem)alicui necem c. Su — угрожать кому-л. убийствомc. aliquem Dig — угрожать кому-л.б) pass. comminatus выдвинутый в виде угрозы ( comminata alicui mors или nex Ap)2) воен. производить диверсию, устраивать демонстрацию (obsidionem c. L) -
9 committo
com-mitto, mīsī, missum, ere1) сводить (для состязания, борьбы, драки, ссоры), натравливать, выпускать, бросать друг на друга (pugiles Latinos cum Graecis, aoquales inter se Su)2) сопоставлять, сравнивать ( aliquid alicui rei Prp)c. vates et comparare J — проводить параллель между (великими) поэтамиc. moenia O — возводить (крепостные) стеныoras vulneris suturis inter se c. CC — сшивать края раныquā naris fronti committitur O — там, где нос соединяется со лбомc. dextram dextrae O — подавать друг другу рукиc. manūs alicui V — схватиться (вступить в рукопашный бой) с кем-л.auribus magnos elenchos c. J — вдеть в уши крупные серьги4)а) начинать ( obsidionem QC)bellum prospere commissum L — удачно начатая война (ср. 8.)c. proelium( pugnam) C, Cs etc. — завязать (дать) сражениеб) иногда просто committere5) производить, устраивать (judicium C; spectaculum L); совершать, учинять (aliquid in, erga и adversus aliquem C, L; maleficia, scelus, nefarias res C; delictum majus Cs; caedem O)Caesar respondit, quod neque commissum a se intellegĕret, quare timeret (neque) Cs — Цезарь ответил, что он не сделал ничего такого, чего следовало бы ему опасаться (и не)c. in (contra) legem Dig, C — преступить (нарушить) законlege censoriā c. Vr — нарушить цензорский закон6) допускатьcommisit ut... L, C etc. — (он) допустил (довёл дело до того, был виною того), что...non committam, ut me accusare possis C — я не допущу, чтобы ты мог меня обвинять7) навлекать на себя, заслуживать (poenam, multam C); провиниться ( adversus aliquem L)c. se periculo C — подвергнуть себя опасностиc. aliquam rem in discrimen L — подвергнуть риску (поставить на карту) что-л.8) поручать, вверять, предоставлять (alicui salutem suam QC; rem difficilem C)c. se fidei (in fidem) alicujus H, L, C etc. — довериться кому-л.c. alicui invidiam suam in aliquem Lcn — передать кому-л. свою ненависть к кому-л., т. е. сделать кого-л. орудием своей местиc. alicui bellum C — возложить на кого-л. ведение войны (ср. 4.)c. alicui, ut videat C — поручить кому-л., чтобы он наблюдал (за)se c. alicui tutandum Ph — стать под чью-л. защитуc. pelago ratem H — спустить судёнышко на мореc. judici litem Pt — передать дело судьеnihil his committendum existimavit Cs — (Цезарь) решил, что на них ни в чём положиться нельзяc. rem in aciem L (или proelio Cs) — предоставить решение дела сражениюc. semen solo Col — бросить семя в почвуc. alicui portam V — доверить кому-л. (возложить на кого-л.) охрану дверейaliquid litteris c. C — изложить что-л. в письмеc. se — отваживаться, осмеливаться, решаться идти (in aciem L; in senatum C)se publico non c. Su — не отваживаться показаться на людях9) pass. committi быть предоставленным, доставатьсяcommitti in publicum( fisco) Dig — быть конфискованным, поступить в казнуhypothecae commissae sunt C — на ипотечные ценности выдан исполнительный документ (кредитору, в силу истечения срока и невыполнения обязательства)dies committendi Dig — срок выполнения обязательств, день платежа -
10 libero
lībero, āvī, ātum, āre [ liber I \]1) отпускать на свободу ( servum Cs); освобождать, избавлять ( Italiam metu servitutis C)l. fidem C — исполнить обещаниеl. nomina L — заплатить долгиl. promissa C — объявить недействительными (взять назад) обещанияl. urbem obsidione Nep и l. obsidionem urbis L — снять осаду с городаl. aliquem (a, ab, ex) aliquā re (редко rei alicujus) — освободить (избавить) кого-л. от чего-л. (aliquem a quartanā C, ex his incommodis C, errore и ab errore Hirt etc.; periculo, metu C, Cs)l. aliquem crimine C (culpā C или culpae L) — снимать с кого-л. винуl. aliquem C — объявить невиновным (оправдать) кого-л.2) освободить от платежа податей, пошлин (l. Byzantios, agros C; emporia L)l. vectigalia L — снимать (отменять) налоги3) переходить ( flumen Frontin); переступать ( cellulae limen Pt)4) вынимать, извлекать ( vagina ensem O) -
11 obsidio
1) обложение, осада (urbis L etc.)urbem obsidione cingere V, Just (claudĕre Nep, premĕre V, L) — осадить город, держать город в осадеsolvĕre L (omittere T) obsidionem — снять осаду2) бедственное положение, беда, опасность (rem publicam liberare obsidione C; ex obsidione aliquem eximĕre C)3) пленение, плен ( filium obsidione liberare Just) -
12 relinquo
re-linquo, līquī, lictum, ere1)а) оставлять (aliquem in Gallia Cs; r. aliquem herēdem C; milites praesidio castris Cs; sibi spatium ad cognoscendum Cs; acrem sui memoriam T)r. equos Cs — сойти с конейr. arma L — сложить оружиеr. signa L — дезертироватьr. aliquem poenae O, PJ — обрекать кого-л. на каруr. urbem direptioni C — отдать город на разграблениеr. aliquid in medio C, Q — оставить что-л. нерешённымaliquem in aliquā re procul se r. Q — оставить кого-л. далеко позади себя (опередить) в чём-л.nihil inexpertum r. V, QC — испробовать всёб) med.-pass. оставаться (in Graeciā; una spes relinquitur C)2) предоставлять, разрешать ( aliquem aliquid facere H)3) бросать ( rem inchoatam C); покидать (aliquem aegrum Cs; domum propinquosque Cs; miseros prudentia prima relinquit O)r. totam spem alicujus rei C — оставить всякую надежду на что-л.r. obsidionem L — снять осадуaliquid pro relicto habere C — считать что-л. делом прошлым (конченным)quod fuit ante, relictum est O — что было прежде, того уж нетjus suum r. C — пренебречь своим правомagrum r. Vr — оставлять поле под паром4) обходить молчанием, не упоминать ( crimen C) -
13 solvo
solvī (поэт. тж. soluī), solūtum, ere [ se + luo ]1) отвязывать (navem Cs etc., canem Ph; lorum de perā Pt); распрягать ( equum H); вскрывать ( epistulam C); разрывать ( vinculum epistulae QC); расплетать, распускать ( crines H); распускать, расстёгивать ( zonam H); развязывать, распутывать (vinctos C; nodum H, Tib); распоясывать ( tunĭcam Tib); распускать, поднимать ( vela V); снимать ( juga tauris V); раскрывать, расширятьs. artum animum H — развеселиться, по др. расщедритьсяs. versus Q — переложить стихи прозойs., тж. ancoram (или navem) s. C etc. — поднимать якорь, сниматься с якоря, отчаливать (s. e portu Pl; a terrā Cs)2) платить, уплачивать (aes alienum Sl, L; pecuniam credĭtam Cs; mercēdem Pt)s. pro aliquā re C — платить за что-л.s. aliquid ab aliquo Pl, C — распорядиться кому-л. об уплате чего-л.in solutum (pro soluto) Sen, Dig — в уплату3) нести, терпеть, отбывать (poenam C, Sl)4) исполнять, выполнять (vota Pl etc.); соблюдать, держать, сдерживать (fidem Ter etc.)5) отплачивать, возмещать, отблагодарить (s. beneficia Caelius ap. C)6) искупать ( injuriam O)alicui suprēma s. T или exsequias s. V — воздавать кому-л. последние почести8) освобождать (aliquem ab obligatione Dig; militem sacramento Dig); избавлять (aliquem aliquo V; terras perpetuā formidine V; aliquem curā C; luctu V)9) оправдывать, реабилитировать ( aliquem crimine C)10) давать волю, разнуздывать, развязывать (s. cupiditates QC; s. linguam ad jurgia O); поэт. разверзать, открывать ( ōs O); расслаблять (infantiam deliciis Q; alvum CC)s. frontem alicujus Pt — раскроить лоб кому-л.12) расторгать (foedus Eutr; nuptiae divortio solutae Dig)13) рассеивать, разгонять ( faces solvebant noctem PJ)14) растворять, растоплять, плавить ( nives O); распускать (coetum O; convivium O; agmina V); разлучать ( amantes O); закрывать, смыкать ( alicui lumina V)15) med.-pass. solvi размягчаться, оттаивать, таять ( terrae solutae H); разрежаться ( gravitas aĕris solvitur Sen); разлагаться, гнить ( viscera solvuntur V); расслабляться, слабеть, становиться вялым ( membra solvuntur V)solvi in somnos V и solvi somno Ap — погрузиться в сон; ноsomno solutus C — проснувшийся(morte) solvi O — умереть16)а) прекращать, снимать ( obsidionem QC)б) подрывать, разрушать ( imperium L); нарушать ( pacem Eutr); отбрасывать, подавлять ( pudorem V)17) разъяснять, объяснять (carmina O; errorem Ph); решать, разгадывать (aenigma Q, J). — см. тж. solutus -
14 cogo
cōgo, coēgi, coāctum, ere (zsgzg. aus coigo, von co und ago), zusammentreiben, I) = durch irgend einen Antrieb zusammenbringen, auf einem Punkte vereinigen, 1) eig.: a) treibend, v. Hirten, pecus, oves, Verg.: oves intro, Plaut.: pecudes stabulis (in d. St.), Verg.
b) verfammelnd, zusammenholen, zusammenziehen, von allen Seiten beitreiben, auftreiben, versammeln, vereinigen, publice operas, Cic.: medicos, Serv. Sulp. in Cic. ep. – amici, quos neque armis cogere neque auro parare queas, Sall.: ad iudicium omnem suam familiam undique, Caes.: omnes eodem cogimur, Hor.: c. eorum multitudinem in unum, Sall.: c. socios ad litora, Verg.: turbam ad merces emendas, Hor. – So nun bes. α) als milit. t. t., Streitkräfte, exercitum, Sall. u. Liv.: exercitum magnasque copias, Caes.: peditatus equitatusque copias, Caes.: magnum equitum numerum, Caes.: quam maximas manus possunt, cogunt, Caes.: XXIV milia iuvenum, Vell.: auxilia undique, Verg.: circiter XX cohortes Albā (aus Alba), ex Marsis et Paelignis, finitimis regionibus, Caes.: multitudinem hominum ex agris, Caes.: equites ex Latio et a sociis, Sall. – maiores eo (dahin) copias, Caes.: exercitum od. omnes copias in unum locum, vereinigen, Cic. u. Caes.: agmen rursus in unum, Liv.: omnes copias Brundisium, Pompei. in Cic. ep.: non amplius XIV cohortes Luceriam, id. ibid.: totam Hesperiam sub arma, Verg. – u. Schiffe, ingentem vim navium, Liv.: naves circiter LXXX onerarias cogere contrahereque, Caes.: naves actuarias septem Igili et in Cosano c., Caes.: naves in Venetiam quam plurimas possunt cogunt, Caes.: c. classem ex Asia, Caes. – β) als publiz. t. t., zusammenholen, -rufen, einberufen, berufen, versammeln, sowohl den Senat, senatum, Cic.: senatum in curiam, Liv.: u. einen einzelnen, quis autem umquam tanto damno senatorem coëgit? Cic. Phil. 1, 12. – im Passiv, senatus cogitur, Cic. u.a.: u. v. den Senatoren, cogi in senatum od. in curiam, Caes., Liv. u.a.: u. im Zshg. bl. cogi, zB. coguntur senatores non pignoribus, sed eorum, de quorum honore agitur, gratiā, Cic. Phil. 1, 12: u. von einem Senator, quid tandem erat causae, cur in senatum hesterno die tam acerbe cogerer? Cic. Phil. 1, 11. – als die Richter usw., iudices invitos, Cic.: iudicem alium, Amm.: iudicia maiestatis, Suet.: consilium de reo, Quint.: centumviralem hastam, Suet.: legitimum numerum decurionum, ICt. – als auch eine Versammlung des Volks usw., concilium, Caes. b. G. 7, 77, 1. Verg. Aen. 11, 304: concilium Hypatam (nach H.), Liv. 36, 26, 1: bucina cogebat priscos ad verba Quirites, Prop. 4, 1, 13.
c) zusammentragend, zusammenbringen, zusammenhäufen, arma, tela domi suae, ICt.: aurum, Hor.: plura quam satis est, Hor. – So nun bes. α) einen Ertrag an Geld od. an Früchten zusammenbringen, einnehmen, einheimsen, einernten, talenta ad quindecim, Ter.: oleam, Cato: vinum, Plaut.: fructus, Varr.: mella pressis favis, Verg.: bis gravidos fetus, Verg. – β) eine Gabe, Abgabe usw. eintreiben, beitreiben, aufbringen, einkassieren, einsammeln, pecuniam, Cic., pecunias, Liv.: stipendium, Cic.: stipem, Cic.: statuarum nomine pecuniam per vim, Cic.: pecuniam Postumio (für P.), Cic.: pecuniam ex decumis, Cic.: pecuniam a civitatibus statuarum nomine, Cic.: ut e defunctorum bonis pro semisse dextans ei cogeretur, Suet.: bona Seiani aerario ablata in fiscum cogere, für den F. einziehen, Tac.
d) zu einem Ganzen vereinigend, α) übh. vereinigen, im Passiv = sich vereinigen, zusammengehen, hae duae tunicae in unum coactae, Cels. – coactis cornibus in plenum novies lunaribus orbem, Ov.: u. so unde coactis cornibus in plenum menstrua luna redit, Prop. – Wolken, Sturm usw. zusammenziehen, aufhäufen, auftürmen, caelum hoc, in quo nubes, imbres ventique coguntur, Cic.; vgl. tum autem concretus in nubes cogitur aër, Cic.: tempestate coactā, Lucr.: magnum per inane coacta semina, Verg. – β) mehrere Stoffe durch Versetzung mit einer Flüssigkeit zu einer Masse vereinigen, etw. mit etw. versetzen, vermischen, omnibus (medicamentis) in unum bene coactis, Scrib. – m. Aug. wodurch? womit? durch Abl. od. ex m. Abl., cogi aquā, ex aqua, ex aceto (v. Medikamenten), Cels. – γ) einen flüssigen od. übh. dünnen Stoff in sich verdichten, gerinnen, frigore mella cogit hiems, Verg.: c. lac in duritiem, Plin. – aër nebulosus et coactus, dichter, Solin.: lac coactum, geronnene, Varr. LL. u. Ov.: sanies tenuis, non coacta, Cels.: fel sole coactum ad crassitudinem mellis, Plin. – dah. alvus coacta, harter Stuhl, Cels. – vestis coacta, gewalktes, Plin. 8, 192: u. subst., coācta, ōrum, n., dicht gewalkte (gefilzte) Wolle od. Haare, Filz, Caes. b. c. 3, 44, 7. – δ) zusammenhalten, geschlossen halten, schließen, cogere agmen (als milit. t. t.), den Zug zusammenhalten (so daß die einzelnen in guter Ordnung beim Zuge bleiben), sowohl von der Truppe selbst, agmen c. cum cura od. neglegentius, Liv.: als von der Nachhut, den Zug schließen u. decken, primae legionariae cohortes ibant, levis armatura et equites agmen cogebant, Liv.: u. v. Schiffen, prima praetoria navis Eudemi erat; cogebat agmen Chariclitus; Pamphilidas mediae classi praeerat, Liv. – u. im Bilde = den Rücken decken, der letzte sein, assentior tibi, ut nec duces simus nec agmen cogamus, Cic.: quarum (stellarum) agmina cogit Lucifer, Ov.: itaque sic ordinandus est dies omnis, tamquam cogat agmen (der letzte des Lebens sei), Sen. – so auch cuneis coactis se agglomerare, in geschlossenen Keilen, Verg. Aen. 12, 457: natu maximus (elephantus) ducit agmen, aetate proximus cogit sequentes, Solin. 25, 4.
2) übtr.: a) zusammenstellen, vereinigen, verbinden, dum haec, quae dispersa sunt, cogantur, Cic. – est enim pollicitus, ius civile, quod nunc diffusum et dissipatum esset, in certa genera coacturum et ad artem facilem redacturum, Cic.: c. verba in alteros pedes, Ov.: quam (syllabam apice circumductam) ex duabus syllabis in unam cogentes, Quint.
b) als philos. t. t., logisch zusammenstellen, folgern, schließen, m. Acc. u. m. Acc. u. Infin. (doch nur m. esse), aliud enim quam cogebatur illatum est, Cic.: hoc cogere volebat, falsas litteras esse, Cic. – im Pass. m. Ang. woraus? durch ex u. Abl., ex quibus id, quod volumus, efficitur et cogitur, Cic.: innumerabilia sunt, ex quibus effici cogique possit nihil esse, quod etc., Cic. Acad. 2, 116.
c) in sich zusammendrängen, zusammenfassen, erant autem de rebus singulis in breve coactae causae, Liv.: urbanitas est virtus quaedam in breve dictum coacta, Quint.: brevitas coacta, gedrungene Kürze, Plin.
II) von allen Seiten drängend aus einem weitern Bereiche in einen engern zusammen- u. hineintreiben, -drängen, zusammen- u. hineinzwängen, hineinnötigen, 1) eig., m. Ang. woher? durch ex u. Abl., m. Ang. wohin? durch ein Adv. od. durch in, intra, ad u. Akk., m. Ang. wodurch? durch Abl., a) treibend, v. Pers., boves in angustum locum, Nerat. dig. 9, 2, 53. – gew. im Bilde, ita hac re in angustum nunc meae coguntur copiae, Ter.: quoniam me ex comparato et constituto spatio defensionis in semihorae curriculum coëgisti, Cic.: qui quinquennalem ante censuram intra sex mensum et anni coëgisset spatium, eingezwängt (= beschränkt) auf usw., Liv.: coactus intra praecordia dolor, Sen. rhet.: qui optabat, ut populus Romanus unam cervicem haberet, ut scelera tot locis ac temporibus diducta in unum ictum et unum diem cogeret, Sen. – v. Winde, vis ventorum invitis nautis Rhodiorum in portum navem coëgit, Cic.: vi et necessario sumus in portum coacti, Cic.: est specus ingens, quo plurima vento cogitur unda, Verg.
b) einschlagend, eindrückend usw. eintreiben, einzwängen, quercum cuneis coactis scindere, Verg. – u. eindrücken, einsetzen, vites in sulcum, Verg.
c) v. Örtl. u. Flüssen, beengend zusammendrängen od. -zwängen, einzwängen, einengen, eum (amnem) ripae in tenuem alvum cogunt, Curt.: torrens rursus angustioribus coërcitus ripis iter cogit, Curt.: bes. im Passiv, ubi in artissimas ripas Aous cogitur amnis, Liv.: saltus in artas coactus fauces, Liv.: omnis Italia coacta in angustias finditur in duo promunturia, Sall. fr.: ceterum structura (tuguriorum) latior ab imo paulatim incremento operis in artius cogitur, ad ultimum in carinae maxime modum coit, Curt.
2) übtr., jmd. wider seinen Willen durch äußere od. innere Nötigung in eine Lage, einen Zustand, zu einem Tun od. Lassen bringen, a) in eine Lage, einen Zustand bringen, drängen, nötigen, Boios in ius iudiciumque populi Romani, Liv.: totam gentem sub ius iudiciumque suum, Liv.: hostes in obsidionem iustam, Liv.: alqm in eam desperationem, ut etc., Suet. – bes., c. alqm in provinciam, jmd. auf seinen Posten weisen (v. Zensor), Liv.: c. alqm in ordinem, in Reih und Glied weisen, bildl. = jmd. in seiner Würde herabsetzen, beeinträchtigen, erniedrigen, hintansetzen, Liv. (s. Drak. Liv. 25, 3, 19): u. so nimium in ordinem se ipsum cogere, übermäßig seiner Würde vergeben, Liv. 3, 35, 6: crudelitatem suam in ordinem coactam putat, Sen. de clem. 1, 26, 4.
b) zu einem Tun od. Lassen, jmd. zu etw. bringen, drängen, nötigen, zwingen (Ggstz. persuadere, voluntate impetrare u. dgl.), Passiv cogi auch unser sich genötigt sehen, α) alqm (was aber zuw. fehlt), m. Ang. wozu? αα) durch ad od. in u. Akk., alqm ad militiam, Sall.: alqm ad bellum, ad defectionem, Liv.: ad confessionem, Sen.: alqm ad mortem, Eutr.: alqm multo auro ad scelus, Tac.: oppida vi atque armis in deditionem, Liv.: utrumque regem in pacem, Iustin.: im Pass., ingratis cogi ad depugnandum, Nep.: in mortem cogi posse, in preces non posse, Sen. suas. 6, 7: cogi in supplicium alcis contra naturam suam, Hirt. b. G. – ββ) durch Infin., cogunt illi eum iurare, Caes.: invitos consistere cogunt, Caes.: te emere coëgit, Cic.: senatum cogor reprehendere, Cic.: necessario puteos fodere cogebantur, Caes.: ipsi accipere decumas coguntur, Cic.: cogor, quem laudavi semper, reprehendere, Cic.: quod cogerentur facere legibus, Cic.: u. (ohne Ang. wen?) durch Acc. u. Infin. Pass., quis pactionem fieri, quis adesse istos coëgit? Cic.: etiam si hominum studia deficiant, di ipsi immortales cogant ab his praeclarissimis virtutibus tot et tanta vitia superari? Cic.: quod arma omitti cogebat, Liv. (vgl. Fabri Liv. 21, 8, 12). – γγ) durch ut u. Konj., ne te quivit hodie cogere illam ut duceres, Ter.: cogere incipit eos, ut absentem Heraclium condemnarent, Cic.: vi coacturos, ut per suos finos eos ire paterentur, Caes. – δδ) durch bl. Acc. (in klass. Prosa nur allg. Acc. eines Pron. neutr. u. dgl.), u. zwar alqm alqd, u. im Pass. cogi alqd (s. Drak. Liv. 4, 26, 10), zB. quod vos vis cogit, id voluntate impetret, Ter.: vos id cogendi estis, Liv.: c. cives id omnes imperio legumque poenā, Cic.: cogi aliquid ab tribuno, Liv. – bl. alqd (s. Drak. Liv. 4, 26, 10. Weißenb. Liv. 4, 26, 3), zu etwas zwingen, etwas erzwingen, etiamne id lex coëgit? Ter.: persuadere aliquid, non omnia vi et minis cogere, Cic.: quietos pati quod sors iniqua cogeret iussit, Liv. fr.: cogis adulterium dando tempusque locumque, Ov. – dah. Partiz. coāctus, erzwungen, mit Zwang herbeigeführt (s. Nipperd. Tac. ann. 4, 51, 15), auspicium coactum et expressum, Cic.: numeri coacti, gezwungen, gesucht, Quint.: u. so quod absurdum et nimis coactum foret, Gell.: lacrimae coactae, Ov. met. 6, 628: deditio coacta, mors coacta (Ggstz. fortuita), Tac. – β) alqm ohne Ang. wozu? Vim hoc quidem est afferre. Quid enim refert, quā me ratione cogatis? cogitis certe, Cic. de amic. 26: alioquin quid proficis invitum cogendo? (zus. = durch Zwang), Ps. Quint. decl. – bes. Partiz. coāctus, genötigt, gezwungen, verb. invitus et coactus (Ggstz. volens, voluntate, suā sponte), Cic., Caes. u.a.: ea coacta ingratiis postilla coepit victum vulgo quaerere, Ter.: tum coacti necessario se aperiunt, Ter.: cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem, Cic.: gew. m. Ang. wodurch? durch Abl., coactus egestate od. inopiā, Ter.: coactus fame, Cic.: coactus re necessariā od. necessitate, Cic. u. Nep.: coactus metu od. terrore, Cic. – γ) ganz absol.: invitus feci; lex coëgit, Ter.: si res coget, Cic. – / Im Bibellatein Perf.-Form coxerunt, Itala (Cant.) Luc. 24, 29.
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15 comminor
com-minor, ātus sum, ārī, a) absol., Drohungen fallen lassen, -ausstoßen, drohen, age perge, quantum libet, comminare, Fronto: vox comminantis audita est, Suet.: duo armati procurrebant comminatique inter se, Liv. – m. Dat. pers., alci cuspide, Suet. – b) m. Acc.: α) m. Acc. sei = etwas androhen, mit etw. drohen, bes. als milit. t. t. = mit etw. eine Demonstration machen, quid conminatu's? Plaut. aul. 417 G.: c. pugnam, Liv.: obsidionem, oppugnationem, Liv.: impetum, Auct. b. Afr.: carcerem et perpetua vincula, mortem denique violentam, Apul.: accusationem, ICt.: alci necem, Suet.: Partiz. Perf. passiv, comminata mihi mors, angedrohter, Apul. met. 6, 26: comminata novercae nex, Apul. met. 10, 6. – β) mit Acc. pers. = jmd. bedrohen, alqm, Paul. dig. 1, 15, 3. § 1: c. et terrere filium, Ulp. dig. 1, 16, 9. § 3.
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16 committo
com-mitto, mīsī, missum, ere, zusammenlassen, zusammenbringen, I) eig.: a) mater. lebl. Objj. zusammenlassen, aneinanderlassen = zusammenfügen, aneinander- oder aufeinanderfügen, verbinden, vereinigen (Ggstz. dirimere), u. refl. se committere od. Passiv committi medial = zusammengehen, sich anschließen, dicht anstoßen, sich verbinden, sich vereinigen, malos (Balken, Ständer), Caes.: opera (Befestigungswerke), Liv.: maria, Curt.: duas noctes, Ov.: plagarum orae committuntur, Cels.: quia vehementer rursus se commiserunt (orae ossis), Cels. – influentem urbi Tiberinum (den Tiber) ponte, Flor. – m. Ang. wem? womit? durch Dat., durch cum u. Abl., durch inter se, zB. dextram dextrae, Ov.: manum Teucris, poet. = handgemein werden, Verg.: lacum flumini, Plin. ep.: urbem continenti (von einem Damm), Curt.: viam viae, Liv.: ubi se (Syria) Ciliciae committit, Mela: quā naris fronti committitur, Ov.: costae committuntur cum osse pectoris, Cels.: orae scroti suturis inter se committendae, Cels.: nondum commissa inter se munimenta, Liv.: v. der Wortfügung, res in ordinem digestae et inter se commissae, Quint.: vermiculate lexeis inter se c., Quint. – m. Ang. wohin? wozu? durch in u. Akk., donec se duo capita in priorem partem (nach vorn) committant, Cels.: commissa in unum crura, Ov.: ceterae suturae in unguem committuntur, vereinigen sich auss genauste, Cels. – b) leb. Wesen, α) zum Kampf u. Wettstreit aneinanderlassen, aneinanderhetzen, bei Ang. mit wem? konstr. mit cum u. Abl., mit bl. Dat., m. inter se, zum Kampfe, duos canes in conspectu populi, Frontin.: arietes vel boves, ICt. – u. acies commissas solvere, Prop. – bes. in den öffentl. Spielen, quingenos pedites, tricenos equites hinc inde, Suet.: pugiles Latinos cum Graecis, Suet. – zum Wortgezänk, omnes inter se, Suet. – zum Wettstreit mit Worten, aequales inter se, Suet. – β) zum Vergleich zusammenstellen, vates, Iuven. 6, 436: sua scripta antiquae Corinnae, Prop. 2, 3, 21.
II) mehr übtr.: 1) etw. zu Werke-, zur Ausführung-, zur Anwendung bringen, a) im allg., beginnen, stattfinden lassen, abhalten, anstellen, veranstalten (Ggstz. finire), bei Ang. mit wem? mit cum u. Abl. od. m. inter se, zB. pugnam u. pugnam cum alqo, Cic.: proelium, Caes.: proelium a dextro cornu, Caes.: proelium cum hostium equitatu, Caes.: commissum erat proelium inter Macedones Ariosque, Curt.: modicum certamen, Liv.: leve certamen in alto, Liv.: bellum, Liv., verb. (im Ggstz.) bellum c. et profligare (seinem Ende nahe bringen), Liv. (s. Fabri Liv. 21, 40, 11): bellum ad Chalcidem, Liv.: bellum prospere, Liv., inconsultius, Iustin.: primo tempore commissum est Punicum bellum, profligatum secundo, tertio vero confectum est, Flor. – c. obsidionem, Curt.: c. rixam, Liv. – agona musicum, aufführen, Suet.: u. so spectaculum, Liv.: ludos, Cic. – cenam maturo ovo, Varr. fr. – tribuni sanguine commissa proscriptio, Ciceronis paene finita, Vell. – iudicium inter sicarios committitur, Cic.: fausto committitur omine sermo, Ov. – absol. = eine Schlacht liefern, kämpfen, parvā manu cum copiosissimo hoste, Eutr.: contra Sullam, Eutr.: priusquam committeretur, vor Beginn des Kampfes, Suet. – b) etw. Straffälliges ins Werk setzen, zur Ausführung kommen lassen, ausüben, begehen, verschulden, α) m. Ang. der Sache, die man begeht, αα) durch Acc., tantum facinus, Cic.: multa virilis audaciae facinora, Sall.: multa maleficia, Cic.: tantum scelus, Cic.: tantum nefas, Curt.: multas nefarias res, Cic.: delictum maius, Caes.: caedem, caedes, Ov. u. Curt.: parricidium, Quint.: incestum cum filia, Quint.: nihil commisisse, Cic.: si quae culpa commissa est, Cic.: ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti, Verri crimini daturus sum, Cic. – m. Ang. gegen wen? durch in od. erga od. adversus u. Akk., multa et in deos et in homines impie nefarieque, Cic.: quod secus a me erga te commissum videretur, Cic.: quae Philippi bello adversus populum Romanum commisissent, Liv. – ββ) durch folg. Infin., es dahin kommen lassen, committit saepe repelli, Ov. met. 9, 632: hoc cum saepius bubulci fieri vident, non committunt scamna facere, Col. 2, 4, 3. – γγ) durch folg. ut u. Konj., es dahin kommen lassen, es verschulden, daß usw., id me commissurum, ut patiar fieri ne animum induxeris, Plaut.: sordidum ad famam (est) committere, ut accusator nominere, Cic. – oft m. vorhergeh. Negation, non committet hodie ut vapulet, Ter.: non committam posthac, ut me accusare de epistularum neglegentia possis, Cic.: quā re ne committeret, ut is locus, ubi constitissent, a populi Romani calamitate nomen caperet, Caes. – δδ) durch folg. quare od. cur, quod neque commissum a se intellegeret, quare timeret, neque etc., Caes. b. G. 1, 14, 2: Caedicius negare se commissurum, cur sibi quisquam imperium finiret, Liv. 5, 46, 6. – β) absol., etwas verüben, es versehen, fehlen, sündigen, cum verisimile erit, aliquem commisisse, Cic.: nemo enim committeret, Cic. – m. Ang. gegen was? durch contra od. in od. adversus u. Akk., contra legem, Cic.: contra leges, ICt.: in legem, ICt.: adversus testamentum, ICt. – m. Ang. nach welchem Gesetze? durch Abl., lege censoriā, Varr.: lege de sicariis, Quint. – c) machen, daß eine Vertrags- od. Rechtsbestimmung od. eine Strafe in Anwendung kommt, in Kraft tritt, d.i. α) eine Vertragsbestimmung in Erfüllung gehen-, vor sich gehen lassen, civitas obligata sponsione commissā, durch die bereits vor sich gegangene (verwirkte) Verbürgung, Liv. 9, 11, 10: hanc ego devotionem capitis mei... convictam esse et commissam putabo, als verwirkt erwiesen u. der Augenblick der Erfüllung eingetreten sei, Cic. de domo 145. – u. so bei den Juristen, c. edictum, stipulationem, die Erfüllung des Edikts usw. verwirken, ICt.: stipulatio committitur, tritt in Wirkung, ICt.: so auch cautio committitur, ICt.: dies committendi, Verfalltag, ICt. – β) eine Strafe zur Anwendung kommen lassen, verwirken, multam, Cic.: poenam octupli, Cic. – dah. γ) Partiz. Perf. commissus v. Strafobjekt, verfallen, hypothecae commissae, Cic.: hereditas Veneri Erycinae (der V.) commissa, Cic.: hanc fiduciam (Unterpfand, Hypothek) commissam tibi dicis, Cic.
2) jmd. od. etw. in den Bereich, in den Schutz, in die Willkür usw. jmds. od. einer Sache hinlassen, d.i. in einen Ort usw. sich getrauen od. sich wagen lassen (dah. se committere oft = sich getrauen, sich wagen), jmdm. od. einem Ggstde. anheimgeben, überlassen, anvertrauen, aussetzen, preisgeben, m. Ang. wohin? wem? durch in u. Akk. od. durch bl. Dat., α) pers. Objj.: se longius a portibus, Caes.: se in conclave, Cic.: se in senatum, Cic.: se in populi Romani conspectum, Cic.: ne duae legiones sine Picentinis cohortibus in conspectum Caesaris committerentur, Cic.: c. duos filios in aleam eius, qui proponitur, casus, Liv.: se non c. in aciem, Liv.: se urbi, Cic.: se theatro populoque Romano, sich ins Th. u. vor die Augen des röm. Volkes wagen, Cic.: se ludis, bei den öffentlichen Spielen zu erscheinen wagen, Cic.: se publico non c., nicht wagen, sich öffentlich sehen zu lassen, Suet.: se non solum populo, sed etiam senatui, Cic.: se itineri tam infesto tamque periculoso, Cic.: se tam longae navigationi et viae, Cic.: se nusquam proelio, Liv.: persecutis hostibus nusquam se aequo certamine, Liv. – alci filiam, Ter., liberos suos, Ter.: ovem lupo (sprichw., griech. καταλείπειν οϊν εν λύκοισι), Ter. eun. 832: infirmas legiones hostibus committere non audere, Hirt. b. G.: mulierem alci primo partu, Ter.: alqm fidei alcis, Curt.: alqm fidei tutelaeque alcis, Curt.: alqm fidei potestatique alcis, Cic.: ut commissus sit fidei (vestrae), permissus potestati, Cic.: ego me tuae commendo et committo fide (= fidei), Ter.: se aut mortis aut servitutis periculo, Cic.: post cibum se neque frigori neque aestui neque labori, Cels. – mit Ang. als wen? durch Prädikatsakk., gnatam suam alci uxorem, Ter.: alci alqm alendum, Ov. – β) leblose Objj.: collum tonsori, Cic.: semen solo, Col.: non protinus aciem (Auge) infirmam improbo lumini, Sen.: c. alci epistulam, Cic.: c. alci alqd legendum, Fronto: alci litteras liberiores, Cic.: alci portam, (zur Bewachung) anvertrauen, Verg.: alci urbem, zur Verteidigung anvertrauen, Frontin.: alci bellum, den Kr. (= die Führung des Kr.), Cic.: u. so alci bellum contra Afros, Eutr.: iudici litem, Petr.: quaedam domestica litteris (einem Briefe) non c., Cic. (vgl. sed haec ipsa nescio rectene sit litteris commissa, Cic.): (alci) consilia, Cic.: alci fortunas suas, Ter.: summum imperium potestatemque alci, Nep.: (alci) custodiam pecuniae, Curt.: alci rem publicam, Liv. u.a. (s. Drak. Liv. 25, 7, 3): alci salutem suam, Curt.: salutem navibus, Iustin.: alci vitam, Cic.: rem proelio, es auf ein Tr. ankommen lassen, Caes.: ebenso rem in aciem, Liv.: rem in casum ancipitis eventus, Liv.: ne rem committeret eo, ubi duae acies timendae essent, Liv.: c. rem publicam in discrimen, die Sache des Staates dem Risiko preisgeben (auf die Spitze stellen), Liv. – γ) absol., alci comm., es jmdm. anheimgeben, jmdm. die Sache in die Hand geben, es auf jmd. ankommen lassen, auch jmdm. sich anvertrauen (s. Madvig Epist. crit. ad Orell. p. 26 sq. u. p. 184. Zumpt Cic. Verr. 4, 16), sanan es, quae isti committas, Plaut.: eis commisi et credidi, Ter.: commisi Heio, Cic.: cui denique commisit, Cic. – m. Ang. in betreff wessen? durch de u. Abl., alci de existimatione sua, Cic. Verr. 3, 137. – m. Ang. des Zweckes durch ut u. Konj., alci, ut videat, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat, Cic. Mil. 70. – / Synkop. Perf. commisti, Ter. eun. 832 Fl.
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17 concedo
con-cēdo, cessī, cessum, ere, sich aufmachend, Platz machend treten = abtreten (abziehen), beiseite treten od. gehen, das Feld räumen, sich aus dem Staube machen, davongehen, sich hinwegbegeben, sich zurückziehen, entweichen, u. mit Beziehung auf das Ziel hintreten, sich hinbegeben, wohin übergehen, I) eig.: a) übh.: α) v. leb. Wesen: concedite atque abscedite onmes; de via decedite, geht alle beiseite! macht Platz! geht aus dem Wege! Plaut.: tempus est concedere, Ter. – m. ab od. m. ex u. Abl., od. m. bl. Abl., ab alqo, Plaut.: a foribus, Plaut.: superis ab oris, von der Oberwelt, Verg.: v. Lebl., iamque dies caelo concesserat, Verg. – m. Advv., m. ad u. in m. Akk., m. trans u. Akk. u. bl. Abl. (woher?) u. bl. Acc. loc. (wohin?), huc concede aliquantum, Plaut.: huc tandem concede, Verg.: huc concessero, Ter.: hic dum abit huc concessero, Caecil. com. fr.: interea concedite istuc, Plaut.: c. procul, Afran. com. fr.: c. retro, Curt. u. Tac.: ad ianuam concessero, Plaut.: concede ad dexteram! Ter.: c. in turbam, Hor.: c. in Iunonis Laciniae delubrum, Liv.: c. in hiberna, Liv.: Carthaginem novam in hiberna, Liv.: c. in arcem, Liv. u. Curt. (s. Drak. Liv. 5, 39, 9. Mützell Curt. 3, 4 [9], 5): c. trans Rhenum, Tac. – concede hinc a foribus paulum istorsum, Ter.: ab alcis oculis aliquo (irgendwohin), Cic.: c. ab Ethopia in altiorem tumulum, Liv.: c. ex praetorio in tabernaculum suum, Liv.: concedam hinc intro, Ter.: concedere aliquantisper hinc mi intro lubet, Plaut.: concede hinc domum, Ter.: rus concessuram (esse) hinc, Ter.: m. Dat. (wohin? wozu?), cenae nuptiali, Apul. met. 6, 10. – m. 1. Supin., c. Argos habitatum (um da zu w.), Nep. Them. 8, 1. – m. cum u. Abl., cum coniugibus ac liberis in arcem Capitoliumque, Liv.: cum alqo Neapolim, Gell. – m. per u. Akk. der Pers. (durch jmd. = auf jmds. Betrieb), c. ad victorem per Flavium Sabinum, übergehen, Tac. – β) v. Lebl.: ipsae rursus concedite silvae! fahret hin, ihr W.! Verg.: docet, unde fulmen venerit, quo concesserit, Cic.: vita per auras maesta concessit ad manes, Verg.: neque nox quoquam concedit die (= diei), weicht irgendwohin vor dem T., Plaut. Amph. 276. – b) insbes.: α) einem andern Platz machend aus einem Orte gehen, ausziehen, ex aedibus, Ter. Hec. 679. – β) einen Ort aufgebend abziehen, einen Ort usw. aufgeben, räumen, gew. im Pass. (unpers.), metu concessum (esse) barbarus ratus, Liv. – m. Abl. (von wo?), post... cedendo in angulum Bruttium ceterā Italiā concessum, Liv. 28, 12, 6 (wo post conc. subst. = nach der Räumung des übrigen It.). – m. Dat. (wem?), Samnium, quo iam tamquam trans Hiberum agro Poenis concessum sit, Liv. – u. c. vitā, aus dem Leben scheiden = sterben, Tac. – mit Abl. (durch), concessit vitā Burrus, incertum valetudine, an veneno, Tac.: u. so auch absol., quandoque concessero, Tac. (s. Nipperd. Tac. ann. 2, 71).
II) übtr.: A) sich verziehen, dahinschwinden, tumor omnis et irae concessere deûm, Verg. Aen. 8, 41.
B) m. Advv. od. m. in u. Akk. = wohin übergehen, a) in ein Verhältnis, einen Zustand sich begeben, sich fügen, sich zurückziehen, in deditionem, Liv.: prope in voluntariam deditionem, Liv. (s. Drak. Liv. 39, 2, 4): in matrimonium fratris, Iustin.: in gratiam alcis, Arnob.: in privatam vitam, Eutr. – b) einer Meinung, Partei usw. beitreten, zu ihr übertreten, in Attali sententiam, Liv.: u. in hanc sententiam, Liv.: in partes, Tac.: in illos, ihnen beipflichten, Cic. fr. – unpers., ut in sententiam Pisonis concederetur, Tac.: concessum in condiciones, ut etc., Liv. – c) an od. auf jmd. od. etwas übergehen = kommen, jmdm. od. einer Sache anheimfallen, zuteil werden, ne omne belli decus illuc concederet, Tac.: mulier coniuncta viro concedit in unum, Lucr.: cum in fatum concederet, bei herannahendem Tode, Modest. dig. 34, 3, 20. – u. so von Staaten, Ländern, Völkern u. von Parteien, c. in alcis dicionem, voluntate in alcis dicionem, Liv.: in alcis ius atque dicionem, Sall.: in alcis ius dicionemque, in alcis imperium, Iustin., in alcis dicionem imperiumque, Liv. (s. Drak. Liv. 38, 16, 9): in paucorum dominationem, Sall. fr.: in paucorum potentium gratiam, Sall. fr.: itaque concessere illuc omnes, at mox, si vostra receperitis, ad vos plerique, gingen alle auf die Gegenseite über, werden aber... zu euch zurückkehren, Sall. fr.: c. in Tyrias leges, sich der karthagischen Herrschaft unterwerfen, Sil. – Edessa et Beroea eodem concesserunt, kamen ebendahin (= wurden zu demselben Landesteil geschlagen), Liv. 45, 29, 9. – d) in etw. übergehen = aufgehen in usw., sich verlieren unter usw., victi omnes in gentem nomenque imperantium concessere, Sall. Iug. 18, 12.
C) zurücktreten, abtreten, 1) v. intr.: a) sich fügend, sich unterordnend, gew. m. Dat. (wem?), α) der Übermacht u. den nötigenden Umständen weichen, das Feld räumen, sich fügen, sich in etw. ergeben, Casina concedit homini nemini, Plaut.: voluptas concedit dignitati, Cic.: cedant arma togae, concedat laurea laudi, Cic. poët.: magnitudini medicinae doloris magnitudo concedit, Cic.: c. obsidioni, der B. weichen = den Belagerten keine Hilfe leisten (Ggstz. prohibere obsidionem), Tac.: c. naturae, euphem. = eines natürlichen Todes sterben, Sall. Iug. 14, 15: ebenso c. fato, Tac. ann. 2, 71. Plin. pan. 11, 3 (vgl. cedere fato, Liv. 26, 13, 17): u. c. magnis fatis, Val. Flacc. 1, 554. – unpers., m. de u. Abl., concessum propemodum de victoria, Liv.: aut hostibus aut civibus de victoria concedendum esse, Liv. – β) dem Willen, der Forderung, dem Urteil, der Behauptung jmds. sich fügen, sich unterordnen, nachgeben, beipflichten (Ggstz. repugnare), numquamne hodie concedes mihi? Ter.: c. iurisconsultis, Cic.: alcis postulationi, Cic.: veris, der Wahrheit die Ehre geben (συγχωρειν τη ἀλθεία), Hor. – u. c. inter se, sich einigen, Tac. ann. 2, 30. – mit de u. Abl., de qua (levitate Asiae) nos et libenter et facile concedimus, die wir... zugestehen, Cic.: concessum (unpers.) ab nobilitate plebi de consule plebeio, Liv. – u. absol., dissuadente primo Vercingetorige, post concedente, Caes.: Caesar concedendum non putabat, Caes. – γ) dem Vorrange, den Vorzügen weichen = jmdm. od. einer Sache nachstehen, den Vorrang od. Vorzug einräumen, -zugestehen, -lassen, gegen jmd. od. etw. zurücktreten (s. Kritz u. Fabri Sall. Iug. 11, 4), a me vero sic diligitur (Servius tuus), ut tibi uni concedam, praeterea nemini, Cic.: sese unis Suebis concedere, Caes.: c. aetati, Sall.: u. (unpers.) Sulla, cuius facundiae, non aetati a Manlio concessum, Sall. – mit de u. Abl., vix alci de familiaritate, Cic.: magistro tantulum de arte, Cic.: u. (unpers.) concessum propalam de virtute ac gloria esse, Liv. – mit in u. Abl., neque ei quicquam in desperatione concedo, Cic. – mit bl. Abl. (in, an), nemini in illa causa studio et cupiditate, Cic.: nec amore in hanc patriam nobis concedunt, Tac. – absol., nec, si muneribus certes, concedat Iollas, Verg.: is, concedentibus omnibus, qui cum Varrone certaverant, collega datur consuli, Liv. – b) aufgebend, nachlassend, α) in bezug auf ein Recht, zurücktreten, verzichten, de suo iure paululum, Ter. adelph. 217 (vgl. Cic. de off. 2, 64 paulum nonnumquam de suo iure decedere). – β) in bezug auf Ahndung, Strafe, es jmdm. od. einen Fehler jmdm. hingehen lassen = gegen jmd. od. etw. nachsichtig sein, etw. nachsehen = verzeihen, poëtae non ignoscit, nobis concedit, Cic.: alienis peccatis, Cic.: temere dicto, Cic.: vitio, Hor.: multa virtuti eorum concedens, Caes.: id ipsum factum, propter quod sibi reus concedit, reus putat oportere, Cic.: num eāre (deshalb) concedi reo conveniat, quod (weil) alieno inductu fecerit, Cornif. rhet.: absol., dat tibi iustam excusationem, prope ut concedendum atque ignoscendum videatur, Cic.
2) v. tr.: a) überlassend, zugestehend abtreten, einräumen: α) übh., aus freiem Willen, aus Güte, Nachsicht, Gnade überlassen, zugestehen, erlauben, gestatten (Ggstz. negare, denegare), alci sedes suas, Cic. (u. im Passiv, sedes habere in Gallia ab ipsis concessas, Caes.): pueris ludum tempestivum, Hor.: praedam militibus, Caes.: alci libertatem in alqa re, Cic.: alci libertatem, Caes. (u. im Passiv, illa dono deûm concessa libertas, Ps. Quint. decl.): alci vitam, Hirt. b.G.: alci impunitatem, Caes.: crimen gratiae, die Anklage der G. gestatten = die Ankl. um der G. willen übernehmen, Cic.: concedendo omnia, durch uneingeschränkte Zugeständnisse (Konzessionen), Liv. – mit Prädik.-Acc. des Partic. Fut. Pass., zB. bona quaedam proscriptorum diripienda, Cic. – m. ad od. (selten) in u. Akk., oppidum militibus ad diripiendum, Caes.: alteram partem eius vici Gallis ad hiemandum, Caes.: Calydona Dianae in iras, zur Befriedigung ihres Zorns, Verg. – m. folg. Infin., mediocribus esse poëtis c., Hor.: di faciles, peccasse semel concedite tuto (Adv.), Ov.: servis c. pueros huius aetatis verberare, Curt.: klass. nur im Passiv, de re publica nisi per concilium loqui non conceditur, Caes.: conceditur commune quiddam dicere, Cic.: si videre concessum sit, Cic.: ingemiscere non numquam viro concessum est, Cic.: concessum (esse) sibi transire in Asiam, Liv.: quamquam poëtis furere concessum est, Plin. ep.: u. persönl., fatis numquam concessa moveri Camerina, dem es niemals durchs Schicksal vergönnt war umgewandelt zu werden, Verg. Aen. 3, 700 (vgl. no. δ aus. Cic. Caecin. 44). – mit folg. ut u. Konj., concessit ei, ut regnaret, Enn. fr.: concedo tibi, ut ea praetereas, quae etc., Cic.: petiisse a matertera, ut sibi concederet, ut in eius sella requiesceret, Cic.: non prius Viridovicem reliquosque duces ex concilio dimittunt, quam ab his sit concessum, arma uti capiant et ad castra contendant, Caes.: u. (mit Ironie) concedant, ut hi viri boni fuerint, mögen (gütigst) erlauben, daß usw., Cic. – m. qui u. Konj., nemini concedo, qui (daß er) tibi vetustate necessitudinis potior possit esse, Cic. ep. 10, 3, 2: u. so ibid. 4, 3, 1. – mit ne u. Konj., unum illud orat, ut timori suo concedatur (nachgelassen werde), ne in conspectum veniat cuiusquam Romani, Hirt. b.G. 8, 48, 9. – mit folg. si u. Konj., ut ipsi concedi non oporteret, si in nostros fines impetum faceret, Caes. b.G. 1, 44, 8: ubi id a Caesare negatum et, palam si colloqui vellent, concessum est, Caes. b.c. 1, 84, 2. – u. scheinbar absol., consules neque concedebant neque valde repugnabant, Cic. ep. 1, 2, 2: Boios petentibus Aeduis... ut in finibus suis collocarent, concessit (näml. ut collocarent), Caes. b. G. 1, 28, 5: u. m. folg. Ang. des Grundes, quod memoriā tenebat L. Cassium consulem occisum... concedendum non putabat, Caes. b.G. 1, 7, 4: ossa eius clam in Attica ab amicis sepulta, quoniam legibus non concederetur, quod proditionis esset damnatus, Nep. Them. 10, 5. – und parenthet., cetera lascivae faciant, concede, puellae, Ov. art. am. 1, 523: te, dulcis amice, reviset cum Zephyris, si concedes, et hirundine prima, Hor. ep. 1, 7, 13. – Partic. Perf. subst., concessa, ōrum, n., das Erlaubte, abhorrere a maiorum consuetudine atque concessis, Cic. Cael. 48: concessa petere, Verg. Aen. 5, 798: concessa amare, Ov. met. 9, 454. – β) der Übermacht od. den nötigenden Umständen weichend etwas einräumen, victoriam, Curt.: hosti victoriam, Iustin. – γ) dem Range od. Vorzuge nach sich unterordnend, Atheniensibus imperii maritimi principatum, Nep.: alci primas in dicendo partes, Cic. – dah. prägn. m. folg. ut u. Konj. = als Vorzug einräumen, nec vero histrionibus oratoribusque concedendum est, ut iis haec apta sint, nobis dissoluta, Cic. de off. 1, 129. – δ) eine Behauptung, Meinung einräumen, zugestehen, iam istuc (= istoc) coacti a te paulo ante concessimus, Cic. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin. (Synon. dare; Ggstz. negare), age, iam concedo, non esse miseros, qui mortui sint, Cic.: cum summos deos esse concedamus, Cic.: M. Dasne aut mane animos post mortem aut morte ipsā interire? A. Do vero. M. Quid si maneant? A. Beatos esse concedo, Cic. – im Passiv, persönl., haec ubi concedentur esse facta, ibi vis facta negabitur? Cic. Caecin. 44. – parenthet. beim einräumenden Konj., concedo, forsitan aliquis aliquando eiusmodi quippiam fecerit, Cic.: quare concedo sit dives, Catull. – scheinbar absol., beatos esse deos sumpsisti. Concedimus (verst. beatos esse deos), Cic.: faciet quod oportet, concedo (nun gut!), Sen. – b) aufgebend: α) aufgeben = fahrenlassen, opfern, Siciliam, Liv.: partem octavam pretii, Plin. ep. – m. Dat. (wem zugunsten? wem zuliebe?), alci auguratus petitionem, Cic.: u. rei publicae dolorem atque amicitias suas, Cic. – dah. alqm alci, jmd. (einen Straffälligen) einem zuliebe frei-, loslassen, begnadigen, ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo, Cic.: c. huic sororis filium et Q. Ciceronem, Nep.: falsi damnatum Marcellum senatui rei publicaeque, Cic.: alqm alcis precibus, einen auf jmds. Bitten begnadigen, Tac.: u. im Passiv, Montanus patri concessus est, Tac. – β) aus Nachsicht, Gnade hingehen lassen = verzeihen, haec omnia remitto atque concedo, Cic. – mit Dat. (wem?), omnibus omnia peccata et maleficia, Cic.: alci delicta maiora, Cic.: u. mit Dat. (wem zuliebe? wem zu Gefallen?), in iudicando peccata liberûm misericordiae parentum, Cic. Vgl. Ruperti Tac. ann. 1, 7, 8. Duker Flor. 3, 5, 10.
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18 cura
cūra, ae, f. (arch. coira aus *coisa; vgl. pälign. coisatens »curaverunt«), das Sichangelegenseinlassen = die Sorge, I) = επιμέλεια, die Sorge, Fürsorge, 1) im allg., die angelegentliche Bemühung, das angelegentliche Bestreben, die Sorgfalt, das Interesse, die Teilnahme, die Beachtung, Rücksichtnahme, die Aufmerksamkeit, das Augenmerk, die Achtsamkeit (Ggstz. neglegentia; oft verb. cura et diligentia, cura ac diligentia, cura diligentiaque, tutela atque cura, opera curaque, cura atque opera, studium curaque, cura et cogitatio, cogitatio curaque, cura et od. ac labor), cura acris, Quint., acris cura diligentiaque, Cic.: intenta (intentior, intentissima), Liv.: magna (maior, maxima), Quint.: non mediocris, Planc. in Cic. ep.: minor, Quint.: nimia, Quint.: c. publica (die S. für das allgemeine Wohl), Ggstz. c. privata, Liv. – cum cura, zB. saucios reficere, Liv.: omnes milites sepelire, Curt.: omnia speculari, Liv.: so auch cum magna cura, zB. parare omnia, Sall.: magna cum cura atque diligentia, zB. scribere alqd, Cic.: cum maxima cura, zB. ultum ire iniurias, Sall.: summa cum cura, zB. exsequi alqd, Liv.: non sine cura, zB. rem administrant, Sall.: finis vitae extraneis non sine cura fuit, fand Teilnahme bei den Ausw., Tac. – u. sine cura deûm evenire (sich ereignen), Tac. (vgl. Heraei stud. crit. p. 73). – u. bl. magnā curā, zB. alere equum, Suet.: ea non maiore curā praecepta ab ducibus sunt quam ab militibus observata, Liv. - m. obj. Genet., agrorum nimia c. (allzu großes Interesse am Landbau) et sollicitior rei familiaris diligentia, Quint.: c. sui, für sich, für die Selbsterhaltung, Sen.: cura rei publicae, Interesse am St., Cic. u. Sall.: legum, Beachtung, Beobachtung der G., Quint.: c. rerum, verborum, sorgfältige Wahl, Quint.: c. bonarum rerum, c. humanarum rerum, Interesse, Teilnahme an usw., Sall.: rerum alienarum cura (zB. difficilis est), Cic.: assidua et perpetua c. salutis tuae, Cic. – cura habendi, Habsucht (πλεονεξία), Phaedr.: cura diversa sciscitandi, Tac.: cura colendi, S. in der Pflege, sorgfältige Pflege (des Gartens), Verg.: singularis cura (Schonung) frugum, agrorum, hominum, urbium, Vell. – m. de (in betreff) u. Abl., studium tuum curaque de salute mea nullā me novā voluptate affecit, Brut. in Cic. ep.: gratissima est mihi tua cura de illo meo primo et maximo mandato, Cic. – m. pro u. Abl., divina pro nobis cura, Augustin. conf. 7, 19 in. (vgl. unten curam agere pro etc. u. est cura pro etc.). – m. Verben, abicere curam (Interesse an) rei publicae, Cic., od. omnem suam curam de re publica, Cic. – adhibere curam in capris et ovibus parandis (Ggstz. neglegentem esse in amicis eligendis), Cic.: adhibere magnam curam diligentiamque in valetudine sua tuenda, Nep.: de sacerdotio tuo quantum curam ad-hibuerim, cognosce ex iis litteris, quas etc., Cic.: non mediocris adhibenda mihi est cura, ut etc., Planc. in Cic. ep. – agere curam alcis rei od. alcis u. de alqa re od. de alqo od. pro alqo, für etw. od. jmd. Sorge od. Fürsorge tragen, an etw, od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um etw. od. jmd. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen (s. Burm. u. Ruhnk. Ov. her. 12, 302), zB. curam corporis diligentissime, Sen.: curam libertatis, Sall.: curam humanarum rerum (v. den Göttern), Plin. u. Quint.: curam sui, Sen.: curam civium, Liv.: curam pro nobis hospitis, uxor, agas, Ov.: curam de Samnitibus, non de se, Liv. – avocare curam alcis, die Aufm. jmds. abziehen, jmd. zerstreuen, Col. – capit alcis animum cura sacrorum et caerimoniarum, Liv. – conferre magnam curam in alcis salutem diligentiamque, Cic.: conferre omnem suam curam atque operam ad philosophiam, Cic. – cosumere in alcis salute omnem suum laborem, omnem operam, curam, studium, Cic.: istorum in dialecticis omnis cura consumitur, Cic. – defungi (loswerden) eā curā, Liv. – desiderare (erfordern) acrem curam diligentiamque, Cic. – curam hanc dimittere, Ov.: non dimittere istam curam, Cic.: dimittere omnem curam suorum, sich um die Seinigen gar nicht weiter bekümmern, Suet. – distendere alcis curam, jmds. Sorgfalt nach allen Seiten in Anspruch nehmen, jmd. gehörig beschäftigen, Col. 8, 2, 7 u. 12, 46, 1 (versch. von curas distendere, s. no. II, 1). – est cura alcis, m. pro u. Abl., publica cura est pro moenibus istis, Ov.: m. ut u. Konj., medici cura esse debet, ut etc., Cels.: m. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas, Hor.: una erat cura, ne inultus occĭderet, nur darauf war sein Augenmerk gerichtet, daß er nicht usw., Curt. – est alqs cura alci od. alcis, cura pii dis sunt (Riese cura deûm di sunt) et qui coluere, coluntur, Ov. met. 8, 724 (715). – est alci cura alcis rei od. alcis, es trägt jmd. Sorge für etw. od. einen, nimmt Interesse an etw., richtet sein Augenmerk auf etw., bekümmert sich um etw. od. jmb., zB. Romanis interim arcis Tarentinae praesidiique, quod ibi obsideretur, cura est, Liv.: quodsi hominibus bonarun rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena petunt, Sall.: artium ingenuarum tibi maxima cura est, Ov.: cura tibi non est hospitis ulla tui, Ov. – cura est od. alci cura est m. folg. Infin., cura comere capillum fuit, Sen.: cura finitimos vincere maior erat, Ov.: praeverti ad Armenios instantior cura fuit, Tac.: ingens cura est mis cordibus aequiperare, Enn. fr.: nulli cura fuit externos quaerere divos, Prop.: nec sit mihi cura mederi, Verg. – alci cura est m. folg. ne u. Konj., haec mea cura est, ne quid tu perdas neu sis iocus, Hor.: inter quae maxima erat cura duci (war das Hauptaugenmerk des F. darauf gerichtet), ne qua exprobratio cuiquam veteris fortunae discordiam inter ordines sereret, Liv.: u. cura est alcis m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, neque senatus in eo cura, an imperii extrema dehonestarentur,Tac. ann. 4, 74. – est alqd intentioris curae, zB. custodiae vigiliaeque et ordo stationum intentioris curae erant, Liv. – est alci alqd od. alqs curae od. est alci curae de alqa re, es ist jmdm. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge, d.i. ein Gegenstand der Sorge, Fürsorge, es läßt sich jmd. eine Sache od. Pers. zur Sorge sein, angelegen sein, zB. tibi erit eidem, cui salus mea fuit, etiam dignitas curae, Cic.: Caesar pollicitus est sibi eam rem curae futuram, Caes.: propinqui, quibus est puella curae, Catull.: rati sese dis immortalibus curae esse, Sall.: ergo illi curae contigit esse tuae, Ov.: de ceteris senatui curae fore, Sall.: de Tirone mihi curae est, Cic. ep.: mihi magnae curae tua vita et dignitas est, Anton. in Cic. ep.: salutem eius regis senatui populoque Romano magnae curae esse, Cic.: ei permagnum et perhonorificum videbatur senatui populoque Romano tantae curae esse salutem suam, Cic.: non enim tibi ea res maiori curae aut est aut erit quam mihi, Cic.: ceterum magis vis morbi ingravescens curae erat terroresque ac prodigia, Liv. 4, 21, 5: ceterum eo tempore minus ea bella quae gerebantur curae patribus erant, quam exspectatio nondum coepti cum Antiocho belli, Liv. 35, 23, 1: in eorum periculis non secus absentes quam praesentes amicos Attico esse curae, Nep. Att. 12, 5: so auch alci curae est m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., zB. velim tibi curae sit, ut aliquid istinc bestiarum habeamus, Cael. in Cic. ep.: magis curae est magisque adformido, ne is pereat aut corrumpatur, Plaut.: in primis tibi curae sit, ne mihi tempus prorogetur, Cic.: patribus aeque curae fuisse, ne qua iniuria in eos oreretur, Liv.: alci curae est m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. quo magis quae agas curae sunt mihi, Ter.: omnibus civitatibus Graeciae et Asiae curae erat, quid Eumenes in senatu egisset, Liv.: mihi maiori curae est, quemadmodum vobis gratiam referam, quam etc., Cic.: mihi non minori curae est, qualis res publica post mortem meam futura sit, quam qualis hodie sit, Cic.: quin id erat curae, quo pacto cuncta tenerem, Hor.: nisi sane curae sit (von Interesse für mich ist), quorsum eventurum hoc siet, Ter. – alci curae est m. Infin., zB. erit mihi curae explorare provinciae voluntatem, Traian. in Plin. ep.: magnae veteribus curae fuit gratiam dicendi et paribus et contrariis acquirere, Quint.: eligere modo curae sit (nur sei man in der Auswahl vorsichtig), Quint. – u. alci curae est m. Acc. u. Infin., tibi curae est sentire cives tuos, quanto per te onere leventur, Liv. 30, 31, 3. – plus exigere (erfordern) laboris et curae, Quint. – habere curam alcis rei od. alcis, für etw. Sorge tragen, auf etw. Sorgfalt verwenden, an etw. od. jmd. Interesse nehmen, sich um jmd. od. etw. bekümmern, sich etw. angelegen sein lassen, zB. libertatis, Sall.: rerum divinarum. Liv.: in primis pacis tuendae, Suet.: serendi (arborem turis), Plin.: Ausoniae gentis, v. den Göttern, Ov.: delectus multo intentiorem quam alias curam habebat, Liv. – so auch habere curam de od. in alqa re, zB. de vita communi omnium curam publicaeque rei constitutione habere, Vitr. 1. praef. § 2: in ea (re publicā) cognoscenda multam magnamque curam habui, Ps. Sall. de rep. 2, 1, 3. – u. habere alqm od. alqd curae od. sibi curae, zB. petitionem alcis c. h., Sall.: nec aliter universos quam membra partesque imperii c. h., Suet.: me ut id mihi habeam curae rogas, Varro: eos tibi et rem, de qua misi, velim curae habeas, Cael. in Cic. ep.: u. so curae sibi habere m. Infin., zB. ut ille ex ultimis terris, quid ageret, curae sibi haberet certiorem facere Atticum, Nep. Att. 20, 4: curae habere m. folg. ut u. Konj., habebo itaque curae, ut te meliorem tibi reddam quam accepi, Sen. de ben. 1, 8, 2: curae habere m. folg. Relativsatz, sapienter habeatis curae, quae imperavi atque impero, Plaut. Men. 991: u. absol. curas habere, alle mögliche Sorgfalt anwenden, nichts vernachlässigen, Iustin. 43, 4, 11. – impendere curam alci rei, zB. rei domesticae, Phaedr.: u. so acrem quam maxime curam spei futuri oratoris, Quint. – incumbere onmi cogitatione curāque in rem publicam, Cic.: dagegen incumbe in eam curam od. totā mente incumbe in hanc curam, laß das deine angelegentliche Sorge sein, Cic. – at mihi cura non mediocris inest, fontes ut adire remotos queam, Hor. sat. 2, 4, 93 sq. – intendere curam alcis, jmds. Aufmerksamkeit spannen, zB. gens bellicosa... curam regis intenderat, ließ den K. auf seiner Hut sein, Curt.; dagegen curam intendere in alqd, die Aufmerksamkeit, sein Augenmerk auf etw. richten, zB. in quem omnes intenderat curas, Curt.: dum omnium cura in Veiens bellum intenta est, Liv.: u. m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, non intenta cuiusquam cura, quae firmitudo (coriorum), quae mensura, ohne daß jemand genau darauf geachtet hätte, Tac. – ne Syphacis quidem reconciliandi curam ex animo mittere, den Gedanken nicht aufgeben, Liv. – ponere curam et aegritudinem, Cic.: ponere curam alcis rei, die S. für etw. beiseite lassen, sich nicht weiter um etw. bekümmern, zB. positis omnium aliarum rerum curis, mit Hintansetzung aller andern Geschäfte, Liv. – aber ponere curam in alqa re, Sorgfalt, Aufmerksamkeit richten, verwenden, zB. omnem curam in siderum cognitione, Cic.: omnis mihi cura et opera posita est in hominum periculis defendendis, Cic. – postulare (erfordern) minorem curam, Quint. – remittere curam diligentiamque, nachlassen in usw., Caes.: omnem curam belli remittere, Liv.: omnes curas referre ad alqm et in eo consumere, Cic. – stimulare curam, zB. ne fames quidem, quae mutas accenderet bestias, curam stimulare posset, Liv. – suscipere curam, es sich eine Sorge sein lassen, darauf sein Augenmerk richten, m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj. od. folg. indir. Fragesatz, zB. suscipe curam et cogitationem dignissimam tuae virtutis, ut Caesarem et Pompeium perfidiā hominum distractos in pristinam concordiam reducas, Balb. in Cic. ep.: quod magnam curam suscipiebat (weil er sich wohl hütete), ne quo temere progrederetur, Auct. b. Alex.: hanc quoque suscipe curam, quemadmodum experiamur, Cic. – sustinere maximam curam belli, die schweren u. sorgenvollen Kriegslasten zu tragen haben, Cic. – omni mente in ea cogitatione curaque versari, ut etc., Cic.: omnis cura mea solet in hoc versari semper, si possim, ut boni efficiam aliquid dicendo, Cic.: vincere omnes curā, vigilantiā, patientiā, Nep. – So nun insbes.: α) das Interesse für etw. Neues, die Neugierde, cura ingenii humani, die dem Menschen angeborene Neugierde, Liv. 21, 22, 7 (u. dazu Fabri): inerat cura insita mortalibus videndi congredientes nobilem regem et... legatos, Liv. 42, 39, 3. – β) das wissenschaftliche Streben, das Studium, die Forschung, cura et meditatio (Nachdenken), Tac. dial. 16; vgl. Tac. Agr. 10. – Plur., sapientis animus cum his habitans pernoctansque curis, Cic. Tusc. 5, 69. – dah. meton. = die ausstudierte Schrift, die Ausarbeitung, Arbeit, c. recens, Ov., nova et recens, Tac.: ii, quorum in manus cura nostra venerit, Tac.: essent et iuvenes, quorum inedita cura est, Ov.; dimissā priore curā novae cogitationi toto pectore incumbam, Tac.: Plur.: condere victuras temptem per saecula curas, Mart. 1, 107, 5.
2) die Fürsorge = die Besorgung, Behandlung, Abwartung, Wartung, Pflege, Aufsicht, a) die landwirtsch. Pflege, Zucht, Pelusiacae lentis, Verg. georg. 1, 228: quae cura boum, qui cultus habendo sit pecori, Verg. georg. 1, 3. – b) die physiche Pflege des Körpers, bes. auch die verschönernde, das Ordnen, Schmücken, der Putz, wie θεραπεία (s. Broukh. Prop. 2, 12 [14], 28. Gronov Obss. 1, 23 p. 98 Fr.), m. subj. Genet., cura mulierum, Phaedr. – m. obj. Genet., c. corporis, Quint.: formae, Sen.: comae, Prop.: capillorum, Suet.: cura cultusque feminarum, Liv. – c) die Krankenpflege, α) des Wärters usw., die Pflege, saucios sustentare curā, Tac. ann. 4, 63. – β) des Arztes, die Behandlung, Heilung, Kur (griech. θεραπεία) c. morbi, Iustin.: c. aquae, quae inter cutem est, Cels.: si quid cura levarit, Cels.: cum omnem curam fata vincerent, Vell.: Plur., curae aegrescentium, Macr. sat. 7, 4, 6. – übtr., relinquebatur simplex illa iam cura doloris tui, Cic. ep. 5, 16, 5: illa fuit lacrimis ultima cura meis (v. Schlafe), Prop. 1, 3, 46. – d) die Besorgung einer Leiche (griech. κήδευσις), quibus ea (mater) funeris sui curam demandarat, Suet. Tib. 51, 2; vgl. Tac. hist. 5, 5. – e) die Besorgung der Götter, cura deorum, der Gottesdienst (griech. θεραπεία θεῶν), Liv. 6, 41, 9. Iustin. 41, 3, 6. – f) die Fürsorge für jmd. od. etw. = die Aufsicht über jmd. od. etw., die Hut, Obhut, α) über jmd.: c. dominae, Ov.; vgl. vollst. dominam servandi cura, Ov.: filium regis non sub hospitum modo privatorum custodia, sed publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae esse velle, Liv. – bes. des Erziehers, der Erzieherin, c. susceptorum semel adulescentium, Quint.: suum sororisque filios in eadem cura habere, Liv.: alci sororis suae nepotum curam delegare, Quint. – β) über etw.: omnes, quibus vivaria, armenta, alvearia, piscinae, aviaria in cura erant, alle Tierwärter, Hirten, Bienen-, Fisch-, Vogelwärter, Plin. 8, 44. – g) meton.: α) der Pfleger, Wärter, Aufseher, immundae cura fidelis harae (v. Schweinehirten Eumäus), Ov. her. 1, 104 (vgl. no. 3, a, β, ββ). – β) der Gegenstand der Fürsorge, der Schützling, Pflegling, Liebling, c. deûm (v. Anchises), Verg.: ipse Veneris iustissima cura, Dardanius puer, Verg.: tua cura, palumbes, Verg.: absunt, mea cura, sodales, Ov.: Roscia te salutat, cura communis, Sidon.: Lydia (ein Gedicht des P. Val. Kato) doctorum maxima cura liber, Ticida poët. bei Suet.
3) die Fürsorge = die verwaltende, leitende Besorgung, Pflege, die Verwaltung, Leitung (das Kommando), die Aufsicht, a) übh.: α) eig.: c. rerum domesticarum, die Verwaltung des Hauswesens, die Hauswirtschaft (οίκονομία), Quint. 3, 3, 9: patrimonii sui curam mandare alci, Sen. de ben. 4, 27, 5. – bes. als Staatsamt, magistratus et imperia et omnis cura rerum publicarum, Sall.: u. so cura rei publicae, Liv., u. cura rerum, Tac.: u. speziell c. urbis, Liv.: aerarii, annonae, Suet.: tabularum publicarum, die V. des öffentl. Schuldbuchs, V. des Staatsärars, Tac.: operum publicorum, Suet.: c. viarum, aquarum, alvei Tiberis, frumenti populo dividendi, Suet.: c. navium, Flottenverwaltung, Tac.: c. legionis armandae, Tac. – alqm ad curam rei publicae admovere, Suet., Ggstz. alqm curā rerum demovere, Tac.: provincias ad suam curam transferre, Suet.: aspenari curam urbis (Stadtpflege, Leitung der städtischen Angelegenheiten) ut ingratam ignobilemque, Liv.: curam ordinandarum bibliothecarum in porticu Octaviae suscipere, Suet.: alci delegare curam providendae tempestatis, die Gewitterwache übertragen, Sen.: curam atque onus Germanici belli Druso delegare, Vell.: obsidionem demandare in curam collegae, Liv.: alci arcis curam mandare, Curt.: curam peditum Paulinus, equitum Celsus sumpsere, Tac.: Equitius, cui tunc erat cura palatii credita, der damalige Hausmarschall, Amm. – β) meton., αα) die Besorgung = die Mühwaltung, Obliegenheit, das Geschäft, hi (delecti) vel aetate vel similitudine curae patres appellabantur, Sall.: hanc curam tibi iniungo, Plin. ep.: in bello in aliqua maiuscula cura negotiove versari, Cic.: est minutioris curae m. folg. Infin., es ist ein allzu kleinliches Geschäft, Quint. 8, 6, 28. – bes. im Plur. (Ggstz. remissiones u. dgl.), nondum ad curas intentus, Tac.: cum sumus necessariis negotiis curisque vacui, Cic.: iam vero tempora curarum remissionumque divisa, Tac.: divisae inter Tutorem et Classicum curae, Tac.: tam humiles et sordidas curas alii mandare, Plin. ep. – ββ) der Aufseher, cura praetorii unus, Haushofmeister, Treb. Poll. Claud. 14, 11: Saturninus ex cura palatii, gewesener Hausmarschall, Amm. 22, 3, 7. – b) die Vormundschaft, Kuratel, curam gerere, administrare, ICt.
II) wie φροντίς, die Sorge = die Besorgnis, besorgte Teilnahme (Ggstz. gaudium, laetitia; Synon. u. stärkerer Begriff sollicitudo, Kummer, Bekümmernis, s. Plin. ep. 2, 11, 15: dah. oft verb. cura et sollicitudo, sollicitudo et cura, cura et angor, cura et angor animi mei), 1) im allg.: domitor curarum (v. Schlaf), Sen. poët.: curarum milia, Prop. – expers curae od. omnis curae, Liv.: erant illa castra plena curae, Cic. – liber curā et angore animus, Cic.: animus liber sensibus et curis od. omni impeditione curarum (zB. per somnum od. in somnis), Cic.: vacuus hāc curā, Cic.: vacua metu, curā, sollicitudine, periculo vita bonorum virorum est, Cic. – sine cura, ohne S., sorglos, Sall.: u. so auch sine cura esse, Cic. – m. obj. Genet., curā impensarum populi Romani, aus Bes. für usw., Liv. – m. de u. Abl., cura de minore filio, Liv. 44, 44, 1. – m. pro u. Abl., cura pro alqo, Liv. 27, 30, 5. Verg. Aen. 12, 48. – m. in u. Akk., nullā in posterum curā, Tac. hist. 3, 55. – m. attrib. Adjj., curae amarae, Ov.: curae anxiae (bange), Liv.: curae atrae, Hor.: curae edaces, Hor.: c. gravis, gravior, Liv., gravissima, Cic.: c. ingens, Sall.: curae inanes, Lucr.: c. magna, maior, maxima, Cic.: c. materna, Plin.: c. minor, Cic.: curae mordaces, Lucan.: curae novae, Cic. (vgl. haec nova c., Hernici, diese neue Bes. [= Gegenstand der Bes.], Liv. 6, 6, 13): c. parva, Cic.: c. multiplex, Curt.: curae perpetuae, Ov.: c. cotidiana, Ter.: c. summa (zB. summā curā alcis adventum exspectare), Cic.: curae tristes, Verg.: curae vigilantes, Sorgen bei wachendem Auge (S. amTage), Cic.: so auch curae vigiles, Val. Max. – m. Verben, abigere curas, die S. verscheuchen (v. Lebl.), Hor.: abstinere curis, sich der S. entschlagen, Cels.: accumulat curas filia parva meas, Ov. – adimere alci curam, Ter. (u. so auch quot curas ademi! Ter.). – afferre (alci) curam, curas, S. verursachen, zB. nonnullas curas et molestias (v. Umständen), Cic.: u. m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Piliam in idem genus morbi delapsam curam tibi afferre maiorem sentio, Cic.: u. m. folg. quod, zB. quod negavit te potuisse ad me scribere, curam mihi attulit, Cic. – afficere alqm aliquā curā, Cic., magnā curā et sollicitudine, Ter. (sowohl v. Pers. als v. Umständen): u. so auch afficior curā, Plin. ep. – curam de coniuge agere, Sorge tragen um d. G. (Ggstz. intrepidum esse pro se), Ov. met. 9, 107. – agitare alqm dies noctesque curis insomniisque, Liv. – cotidiana cura angit animum, Ter.: angi tot curis vigiliisque, Cic. – quod ipsum curam augebat, Liv. – aegritudines, molestiae, maerores, qui exedunt animos hominum conficiuntque curis, Cic.: u. bes. confici curis, Cic., confectus curis, Iustin.: animus curā confectus, Ter. – ut eorum aspectu omnis quae me angebat de re publica cura consederit, Cic. – cur eam rem tam studiose curas, quae tibi multas dabit curas, Cornif. rhet. 4, 21: at tibi curarum milia quanta dabit, Prop. 1, 5, 10. – decedit alci cura u. alci cura de alqa re (s. Drak. Liv. 4, 52, 8. Burm. Suet. Caes. 24), zB. priusquam ea cura decederet patribus Romanis, Liv.: de domesticarum rerum eventu nec patribus nec plebi cura decesserat, Liv.: donec cura de Antiocho decessisset, Liv. – demere animis curas, Varro. – deducere animo curas, Hor. – curas depellere vino, Tibull. – deponere curam pro alqo, Verg.: deponere tristes animo curas, Verg.: in alcis sermone et suavitate omnes curas doloresque deponere, Cic. – dimittere curam hanc, Ov. met. 1, 209. – velut in duo pariter bella distenderant curas hominum, hatten die Besorgnisse gleichs. zwischen zwei Kriegen in gleicher Weise geteilt, Liv. 27,40, 1 (versch. v. curam alcis distendere oben no. I, 1). – omnium tamen non tanta pro Aetolis cura erat, quam ne Philippus regnumque eius grave libertati futurum rebus Graeciae immisceretur, Liv. 27, 30, 5. – mihi maximae curae est non de mea quidem vita, sed me patria sollicitat, Cic.: Pompeius de Clodio iubet nos esse sine cura, Cic. – fuit intactis quoque cura condicione super communi, Hor. ep. 2, 1, 152. – parte curae exonerarunt senatum consulis litterae, Liv. – me his exsolvite curis, Verg.: extenuat corpus cura, Cels. – alqd curam facit m. folg. ne u. Konj., läßt besorgen, daß usw., Tac. ann. 3, 52. – fugere curam, Cic. – quam pro me curam geris, hanc precor, optime, pro me deponas, Verg. Aen. 12, 48 sq. – pectus alcis anxiis implere curis (v. einem Ereignis), Liv.: imponere finem curis, Verg.: primo gravis cura patres incessit, Liv.: affirmatio Pori multiplicem animo regis iniecerat curam, Curt.: u. inicere (alci) curam m. folg. ne u. Konj., Ter. adelph. 708. Curt. 3, 1 (2), 17: inicere alci curam metumque, ne etc., Liv. 5, 7, 4. – cum curis laxati sumus, Cic.: saepissime curam et angorem animi mei sermone et consilio levasti tuo, Cic.: levare (abnehmen) alqm curā od. magnā curā, Cic.: liberare alqm curā, istā curā, magnā curā et sollicitudine, Cic.: ut quoquo modo aut liberarem te istā curā aut certe levarem, Cic. – non tamen invictum animum curae obruunt (erdrücken), Curt.: illum ingens cura atque laetitia simul occupavere, Sall. – partiri curas cum alqo, Verg.: pellere curas vino, Hor., curas e pectore, Sil. – illa restabat cura, ne etc., Liv. – ea me cura vehementissime sollicitat, Cic.: me illa cura sollicitat angitque vehementer, quod (daß) etc., Cic. – solvere alqm curis ceteris, Ter.: curas et corpora somnus solverat, Ov. – videris gravem curam suscepisse vehementerque esse de nobis sollicitus, Cass. in Cic. ep.: maximam hic sollicitudinem curamque sustineo, ne m. folg. Konj., Cic. – traducere animos a minore cura ad summum timorem (v. einem Vorfalle), Cic. – et curā vacare et negotio, Cic.: maternā vacare curā, Plin.: vitare curam domesticorum, sich der S. um den Haushalt entschlagen, Cels.: multiplices animo volvere curas, Catull.
2) die Liebessorge, Liebesqual, die Liebe (vgl. Lachmann Prop. 1, 11 [10], 17), c. mea, tua, die Liebe zu mir, zu dir, Ov. u. Prop.: iuvenum curae, Hor.: possum alterius curas sanare recentes, Prop. – meton. (wie μέλημα) = die Geliebte, die Flamme, tua cura, Lycoris, Verg.: Lynceu, tune meam potuisti tangere curam? Prop. – / Arch. Dat. curai, Elog. clar. vir. 24 im Corp. inscr. Lat. 12. p. 285.
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19 delego
dē-lēgo, āvī, ātum, āre, jmd. an einen Ort od. eine Person od. auf eine Sache verweisen, jmd. od. etwas einer Person (zur Besorgung, Wartung, Pflege) überweisen, jmd. zu etwas beauftragen; u. (umgekehrt) einem etwas (ein Geschäft usw.) überweisen, zuweisen, übertragen, auftragen, einem zu etw. Auftrag (Befehl) geben (bes. zu dem, womit man sich nicht selbst gern befassen will), I) im allg.: ad senatum, Liv.: infantem ancillis ac nutricibus, Tac.: alqm huic negotio, Col.: delegati, ut plauderent, Plaut. – hunc laborem alteri, Cael. in Cic. ep.: officium alci, Quint. u.a. (s. Bünem. Lact. 1, 4, 6): alci id facinus, Liv. epit.: alqm occidendum, Suet.: imagines exscribendas pingendasque, Plin. ep.: obsidionem in curam collegae, Liv. – II) insbes.: 1) jmd. auf eine Schrift verweisen, studiosos Catonis ad illud volumen, Nep. Cato 3, 5. – 2) t. t. der Geschäftsspr., jmd. zur Schuldzahlung od. die sculdige Summe anweisen, a) eig.: debitorem, ICt.: alqm alci, cui numeret, Sen.: delegabo te ad Epicurum, ab illo fiet numeratio, Sen.: nomen paterni debitoris, ICt.: absol., Cato u. Cic.: deleg. alci, Cic. – b) übtr., eine Schuld od. ein Verdienst auf jmd. übertragen, auf ihn schieben, ihm zuschreiben, crimen alci, Cic.: causam peccati alci, Hirt. b. G.: adversa casibus incertis belli et fortunae, Liv.: servati consulis decus ad servum, Liv.: omne rei bene aut secus gestae in Etruria decus dedecusque ad L. Volumnium, Liv.
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20 extraho
ex-traho, trāxī, tractum, ere, I) herausziehen, A) aus der Tiefe, heraus-, heraufziehen, 1) eig.: a) lebl. Objj.: aquam, Plaut.: aquam specubus ac puteis, Auct. b. Afr.: retia, Suet.: retia blattinis funibus, Eutr.: rete ex aqua, Plaut.: ferrum, Nep.: telum, Liv.: telum e corpore, Cic.: gladium e vulnere, Quint.: cultrum ex vulnere Lucretiae, Liv.: telum de vulnere, Ov. – als mediz. t. t., materiam, venenum, Cels.: dentes, Plin.: telum forcipe, Cels.: inde guttam, Cels.: polypum unco ferramento, Cels.: cucurbitulā virus, Cels.: spinas corpori, Plin. – b) leb. Wesen: alqm inde, Mela: alqm arundineto, Vell.: vivum puerum alvo, Hor.: velut ab inferis extractus, Liv.: nequitia est ut extrahas mergere (illum), evertere ut suscites, ut emittas includere, Sen. de ben. 6, 26, 1. – als mediz. t. t., infantem, Cels. 7, 29. – 2) übtr.: a) herausziehen, -reißen, entreißen, losmachen, befreien, urbem ex periculis, Cic.: se ex alqo malo, Ter.: alqm poenae, Sen.: se ab hac vita, Sen. – b) = vertilgen, religionem ex animis, Cic. – B) nach vorn: 1) eig.: a) lebl. Objj., abziehen, alci deficienti anulum, Suet. Tib. 73, 2: aurum matronarum manibus, Pacat. pan. 26, 2. – b) leb. Objj.: α) im guten Sinne, herausziehen, alqm turbā oppositis umeris, Hor. sat. 2, 5, 94: im weitern Sinne, als milit. t. t., copias ex hibernaculis, Nep. Ages. 3, 4. – β) im üblen Sinne, hervorziehen, -zer ren, -schleppen, 1) eig.: alqm vi in publicum, Liv.: alqm e latebra, Suet.: alqm de caprili casa, Oros.: alqm domo, Cic.: alqm cubili, Tac. – u. im weitern Sinne übh. heraus-, hervornötigen, wohin (zu gehen, zu kommen) nötigen, locken, entbieten, extractus (auf die Straße gelockt) falsis rumoribus, Suet.: datis vadibus qui rure extractus in urbem est, Hor.: quosdam (reges) per blandimenta et promissa extractos ad se non remisit, Suet.: Crassum Pompeiumque in urbem provinciae suae Lucam extractos compulit, ut etc., Suet. – als milit. t. t., hostes invitos in aciem, Liv.: extractos ad certamen fudit, Liv. – 2) übtr.: a) etwas Verborgenes ans Licht ziehen, scelera in lucem, Liv.: secreta mentis, offenbaren, Sen. – b) emporbringen, alqm ad honorem, ad consulatum, Liv.: candidatos, zu Ehrenstellen verhelfen, Sen. – II) der Zeit nach in die Länge ziehen, hinziehen, 1) im allg.: res variis calumniis, Cic.: obsidionem, Liv.: bellum in tertium annum, Liv.: proelium prope ad noctem, Liv.: certamen diutius, Liv.: certamen usque ad noctem, Liv.: somnum in diem, bis an den Tag schlafen, Tac.: rem in consulum adventum, aufschieben, Liv.: simul extrahi rem ex eo anno viderunt, daß die Sache sich in das folgende Jahr hineinziehe, Liv. 5, 25, 13. – prägn., alqm, jmd. hinziehen, hinhalten (von einer Zeit zur andern), Liv. u. Suet. – 2) insbes., bei einem Geschäfte usw. die Zeit vergeuden, hinbringen, ohne zu einem Resultate zu kommen, dies dicendi morā, Caes.: id (dieser Rest des Sommers) facile extrahi posse, Caes.: aestatem sine ullo effectu, Liv.: noctem vigiliis, Curt.: cunctando diem, Liv.: id facile extrahi posse, Caes.
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